CSLNotebookEntryToCedarUsersDateOctober29,1982FromPaulRovnerLocationPARC/CSLSubjectConciseGuidetoStorageManagementinCedarFile[Indigo]Documentation>SafeStoragePrimer.tioga,.pressXEROXReleaseas[Indigo]Documentation>SafeStoragePrimer.tioga,.pressDraft[Indigo]Documentation>SafeStoragePrimer.tioga,.pressLasteditedbyPaulRovner,October26,19827:51pmAbstractSafeStorage.dfcomprisesthepartsofCedarthatprovideruntimesupportforCedarlanguagefeatures:storageallocation,garbagecollection,REFANY(NARROW,WITH...SELECT)andATOMs.ThismemoisaconciseguidetothemostcommonlyusedfeaturesofSafeStorage.dfforthebeyond-noviceclientwhounderstandstheCedarlanguage.Moredetailedandcompletedocumentationcanbefoundin[Indigo]Documentation>SafeStorage.tioga(and.press).OverviewofthemostcommonlyusedpublicinterfacesofSafeStorage.dfSafeStorage.mesaprovidesfacilitiesformanagingsafe(i.e.collectible,REF)storageandforcontrollingthecollector.ItisbyfarthemostcommonlyusedinterfacepurveyedbySafeStorage.df(hencethechoiceof.dffilename).UnsafeStorage.mesaprovidesfacilitiesformanagingunsafe(i.e.non-collectible,LONGPOINTER)storage.RTTypesBasic.mesaprovidesfacilitiesfordealingdirectlywiththebasicruntimetypesystem(viaRTBasic.Type's),e.g.tospecifyfinalizationforaTypeorgettheTypeoftheobjectaddressedbyaREF.WhenandwhennottocreateyourownZONEGenerally,apoormatchbetweentheuseofaZONEandthedesignofitsallocationstrategywillleadtoinefficientoperation.Ifyouareconcernedwithsuchperformanceissues,youwillwanttoselectanallocationstrategythatfitsyourusage.(Itmayalsohelpforuswizardstoexploreotherallocationstrategies,perhapsasadditionaloptions.It'sonthelist.)IncurrentCedar,thesystemZONE(i.e.theoneyougetifyouuseNEWratherthanz.NEW)hasasinglefreelist,andhenceissusceptibletofragmentation.Heavyuseforobjectsofwidelydifferent1pНфОaОНїН ?qН ЛО^rНРО^ qН+╞О^rН6О^Н;RН=░qН ЛОZrНРОZНqН+╞ОZrН6ОZsН:√ОZН;⌠ОZqН ЛОV3rНРОV3ННbН Н% Н-LН.ЗqН ЛОRIrНўОRIП5Н/StН{ОJ°qН ЛО@°Н ТrН╛О@°П5Н4RqН ЛО>НrН╛О>НП8Н6MqН ЛО=@НVН╞rН╛О=@НрsН7О=@НО=@НaН!·Н$ДН'СqН ЛО:ЇrН╛О:Ї НіН ИН#+Н&uН(Н, Н.╩Н3╗Н8аН=╞Н?нНCиН ЛО9НН НёН╠ Н&,Н)uН-Н5Н9lН:ДНA1НCжН ЛО7hНЕНЭНFНOНЖН═Н-НkН"іН)HН,cН1nН3 Н;ЭН>Н@VН ЛО5аН бНш Н·НН@Н%sН)HН.∙Н1aН7_Н@шНC{НE│Н ЛО4Н П.Н)шН-sН0жО4pН ЛО-\НННКНСН!мН%▓Н*m Н1КН3О rНўО)ШНМНЙ Н#╩Н&gН- Н0[Н3~Н:гН?НD,НGRНўО(T Н═Н НЛНfНуН сН"ЧН%`Н(©Н/┘Н2дН8lН>xН@w НўО&ґНН~НцН|Н≤ННўО$$Н$НІ Н$Н&\Н,╘Н1Н3©Н=_НB-НўО"}НўОТН#Нй Н$FН&°Н+┬Н0∙Н3иН6AН9лН?НBDНFьНўОMНлН\НН ЄН'АН*$Н+TН.ЦН0ўН2ЩН5cН8РН:╠Н=НA6НG⌠НўО╔Н вpН ЛО╪Н╨НЮНННН Н#шН'QrНўО[ НtН╚НЪН1Н!ўН$Н&·Н(eН)°Н.4Н0ЫН3fН7цН9┼Н;r НAюНFДНўОЁН╨Н{ Н НєН 9Н#Н%iН,Н/BН2├ Н:²Н>ИНAЁНDqНGЮНўОНyНt НЎНъН ╦Н#Н&]Н+Н-Н0$Н2ШН6!Н8iН:CН?BН@ЭНEПНўОe НМ Н8НeН Н&┼Н+юН.Н0Н2zНўОэН─НLН©Н"Н═Н#,Н%ЕН(GН*ЖН-╟Н/ШН1_Н4Н6▒Н:┐Н>■НAҐНGНўО 5Н иН╔НcНЙН⌠Н|Ны Н%фН'f Н0└Н4фН7,Н9ZН=ИН?⌠НCИuН)хОЖTVm$еsizesaffectsoverallsystemperformanceadversely.Ifyourpackageorapplicationexplicitlyallocates(viaNEW)morethanabout2Kwordsofstorage,itislikelythattheworldwouldbebetterifyoucreatedatleastonespecialZONEforexclusiveusebyyourpackage.CreatingyourownZONEandguidelinesforselectingZONEparametersSafeStorage.NewZone:PROC[sr:SizeRepresentation_prefixed,base:Base_nullBase,--defaultwillusetheRootBaseinitialSize:LONGCARDINAL_0--words]RETURNS[ZONE];Zonesacquirequantaastheyareneeded.Occasionally,thiscausesanewSpacetobecreatedinVM.Theonlylimitonthenumberandrun-lengthofquantathatcanbeacquiredbyazoneistheamountofavailableVM.Quantaacquiredbyazoneremainassignedtoituntilthezoneis"trimmed"(seeSafeStorage.TrimZone).AllzonesgettrimmedautomaticallywhentheCedarallocatordiscoversthatVMisgettingtight.This(discovery)happensveryrarelyincurrentCedar.ApackagewoulddowelltoinvokeTrimZoneexplicitlywhenthereisalotoffreestorageinthezone,e.g.attheendofabigcomputation.OfthethreeparameterstoNewZone,thechoiceofsr:SizeRepresentationaffectsperformancethemost.Youcansafelyignoretheothers.Aquantizedzoneisgoodiftherearemanyobjectsofthesamesizeandtype,orofafew(roughlyadozenorless,say)differentsizesandtypes.Sequencesandvariantrecordsareexamplesoftypesthatcanhavedifferentsizedobjects.Anintegralnumberofquanta(each1Kwords,4pages)isassignedtoeach(size,Type)combinationservicedbyaquantizedzone.Thismeansthatuseofaquantizedzoneforallocatingjustafewwordsofaparticular(size,Type)iswastefulofVM.Quantizedzonesaregoodforsmallobjectsbecausethereisnoper-objectstorageoverhead.Themaximumsizeofanobjectfromaquantizedzoneisonequantum.Theminimumsizeis2words.Prefixedzonesaremoregeneral(e.g.forTEXTobjects),buttheirallocatorisslower,eachobjectrequiresextrastoragecellstocarrysizeandtypeinformation,andprefixedzonesaresusceptibletofragmentation.Themaximumsizeofanobjectfromaprefixedzoneis(LAST[CARDINAL]-1)words.Theminimumsizeis4words.Thestorageoverheadperprefixedobjectis2words.Adjacentblocksonthefreelistsofallprefixedzonesaremergedattheendofeverycollection.Allobjectlengthsareeven(roundedupifnecessary).Allobjectsbeginonevenwordboundaries.ZONEsarecollectibleobjects.AZONEwillbereclaimedautomaticallyifnoREFstoitremainaccessibleandifnoREFsremainaccessibletoobjectsinanyofitsquanta.FacilitiesinCedarforcreatingUNCOUNTEDZONEsUnsafeStorage.NewUZone:PROC[sr:SizeRepresentation_prefixed,initialSize:LONGCARDINAL_0--wordstypeRepresentation:BOOL_FALSE]RETURNS[UNCOUNTEDZONE];2rНўОb)НщН-Н╡Н. Н%2 НўО_═Н+НbН═Н` Нn Н%QН*яН-┐Н1ХН5wН8≥НгНBпНD└НўО]ЬН ШН]ННьН.НН 6Н"Н&Н'dН*Н.рН0aН3}Н6 Н:▓Н?НAGНGНўО\QН╘НДpН ЛОVfНєНjНъН\Н ┌ Н('Н*йН1°Н7 rНўОSНсНьОQVНюНфН ╛Н"9НeОOїНЫН4НаН",Н#ёН(LН*ВН-lН/кНeОMЫН4НН'IН(жН*▌Н,НьОLJНю НўОIаНБНъН▐НZН┤Н!ЬН'6Н/ёН2bН6╧Н8Н;Н? Н@ЛНBЗНGАНўОHНэНЄНнНННxН"єН%[ Н, Н-ыН2kН59Н7цН9ЄН?ZНAUНB~НEдНG/НўОFrН≈Н/НиНвН ∙Н&Н'ТН(ЩН,!Н0їН5ЪН7▄Н8аН;ФН>%НAIНB■НўОDкНiНН JН$Н&:Н+дН4%Н7иН:Н>НC╗НўОC#Н▒Н~НЪН╔НNН~ Н&≥Н,Н/AН3AН5Н9ЦН>hН@ НEaНўОA|Н╚Н░Н6НїН* Н$ Н'╣Н+6Н,≥Н-╧Н/бН1rН46Н8ЮН:┘Н<эН@qНBЯНD│НFьНўО?уНgН░НОНўО=KНиН3Нф НвН▐Н$KН&ЄН+Н,гН.вН:гН?! НG/НўО;єНaНpНЭНэНН НўО9Н:Н▒НжНBНЄНН!·Н#ЯН'╪Н,YН.Н0qН3НН6 Н9QН<╧Н>}Н@5НA_НDНўО7tН шНКН╡НёН~Н'Н"ZН%Н)Н/ІН2pН7Н;ГН>>НD>НEШНўО5лН·НKНЄН|НН$'Н&°Н+ҐН1Н2ГН7⌡Н;hН=ъНBfНCҐНH#НўО4%Н:НШН?НоНД Н&ЕН,FН.TН/▒Н5ШН9╚Н<ыНA0НDНF≥НHeНўО2~ННJН┤ Н╪Н!]Н"┤Н%(Н)5Н*НН, Н2MН5йН9лН;8Н@⌡НBTНўО/ТНqН[НоНaН©Н#}Н(:Н-|Н1%Н2╠Н4в Н;zН@MНFЇНўО.MН/НзН⌠Н└Н°Н!Н"-Н(└Н+йН-6Н/АН6Н8ОН?DНAОНC[НD░НўО+дН;НН┌Н)Н!Н$(Н&zН*рН0UН2КН6FН;УН=uНB0НEvНўО*НЗНkНН+НьН"UН$ЪН'╣Н*дН2іН5\Н:иН>▓Н@Е НGЮНўО(u НУНГН┌Н"GН$Н&$Н*WН-ьН/Н4єН8Н9┴НFиНGАНўО&нННтНН©ННIН#╒Н&oН+Н0ЧН3hН8лН<ыН>:Н?dНCҐНўО%&НРНЬНWН$НФН÷Н▐Н#ЩН'хН*Н/Н0╗Н3Н5©Н7xН;, НўО"²НННвН+НqН#oН%│Н&Б Н-фН0Н4ІН8│Н:┤Н=мНAV НўО@НвНG НФНЖН!÷Н&EН)Н+Н1─Н:Н;▄Н=ўНA╚НCuНDХНўО≥ ННН╔НННЛН!⌠ Н'тН)┌Н.Н/мН2nН4'Н6pН ЛОз Н ННсНuН пН,⌡rНўООН∙НьО@НюНфН ╛Н"9НАО ▓Н╟Н{Н&дН(QН* Н+│НАОЦНbН#эН%iНьО 5НюН$uН)хОЖЪ uTVm$ThisguycreatesanewUNCOUNTEDZONE.NewUZoneshouldbeusedinsteadofHeap.Create(itallowsmorethan64KperUNCOUNTEDZONEandallocationismoreefficient).Thesameallocatorusedforcollectibleobjectsisusedhere.Appropriateclevernessisemployedtodononeoftheworkassociatedwithreferencecounting.Cedarallocationmicrocodeisused(!).ThecommentsaboveaboutquantaandSizeRepresentationforZONEsapplytoUNCOUNTEDZONEs,exceptthatnoautomatictrimmingisdone(seeUnsafeStorage.TrimUZoneandUnsafeStorage.MergeUZone)andUNCOUNTEDZONEsarenotcollectibleobjects.BasicDealingswithRuntimeTypes;FinalizationEachCedarobjectcarriesaruntimerepresentationofitsTYPE(i.e.theargumenttotheNEWthatcreatedit).ThisisanRTBasic.Type,whichisa14-bitindexintoatablethatismaintainedbytheruntimesystem.InformationthereinisusedtosupportNARROW,WITHSELECTFROM,andruntimeaccesstosymbolicinformationaboutTYPEs.ThespeciallanguageconstructCODE[]evaluatestoaCARDINALthatisthe14-bitindexforthespecifiedTYPE.RTTypesBasic.Mesaprovidesfacilitiesfordealingdirectlywiththebasicruntimetypesystem(viaRTBasic.Type's),e.g.togettheTypeoftheobjectaddressedbyaREF,todeterminewhethertwoTypesareequivalent,ortospecifyfinalizationforaType.BEWARE:itiswrongtoexpectthatiftwoTypesarenotequal,theydonotrepresentthesameorequivalentTYPEs.UseRTTypesBasic.EquivalentTypes.EveryTypehasaunique"canonicalType".TwocanonicaltypesareequalIFFtheoriginalTYPEsareequivalent.ItispossibleforaclienttospecifyactionstotakewhenanobjectofaparticularTypeisnolongeraccessibletoanyclientofthepackagethatcreatedit.Suchpackagefinalizationactionsmightinclude(forexample)removalofareferencetotheobjectfromapackage-maintainedcache.SeeSafeStorage.pressforthedetails.CaveatsabouttheuseofREFs:limitationsandunsafeoperationsGarbagecollectioninCedarisbasedonthemaintenanceofreferencecounts.Theinherentproblemwiththisschemeisthatthecollectorwillmisscircularstructuresthatarereclaimable.ClientsshouldavoidtheuseofcircularstructureswhenpossibleorbreakcircularitiesbystoringNILwhenpossible.Variousclevertricksareusedtominimizethecostofmaintainingreferencecounts,but(asusual)thesehavelimitations.Themajoroneisthatreferencecountsgetpinnedwhentheyreachamaximum(77Binthesoon-to-be-currentsystem).Clientsshouldavoidbuildingdatastructuresthathavelargenumbers(~thousands)ofpinnedreferencecountswhenpossible.Cedardoesprovidea"TraceAndSweep"collectorthatwillreclaimcirculargarbageandinaccessibleobjectsthatoncehadpinnedreferencecounts,butitwedgestheworldforhalfaminuteonaDoradotodoitswork.TheTraceAndSweepcollectorwillbeinvokedautomaticallywhentheCedarallocatorfindsitselfindirecircumstances.Thishappensveryrarely.SafeStorage.ReclaimCollectibleObjectsprovidesawaytoinvoketheTraceAndSweepcollectorexplicitly.Anotherlimitationderivesfromtheuseofaseparatedatastructureformaintainingreferencecountsthataregreaterthanone(the"referencecounttable").Clientsshouldavoidbuildingdatastructuresthathavelargenumbers(~thousands)ofsuchobjects.3rНўОb)НйНxНН,НН%%Н*Н1┌Н6Н7РН;0Н?ЕНA═ НўО`┌Н°НХН≥НчНН√Н)╩Н.cН19 Н7≈Н9!Н<с НCНFНўО^зНCНzНЁ Н1Н"иН$0Н'hН*у Н2▓ Н9Н:kН@ҐНBfНDhНGжНўО]3Н Н┼ НЖНН"Н(Н,/ Н2oН9Н:┴Н=еНўОZ╔Н╚Н^Н├Н█Н#EН&"Н2-Н4░Н9дН=ЄН?┬НўОXЧНеНхНHНН% Н+цН-АН2Н5┘НFьНўОWWНєН!\Н+bН0pН2цН58 Н;╩pН ЛОQjНkН=НшН┘Н$зrНўОNНН1НFН°НбН"У Н+ХН-²Н/tН3²Н6NН8╘Н>оН@zНBуНFаНўОL[Н│Н╡НвНMНGН#┴Н'║Н)Н*KН.LН2!Н5Н67Н9╙Н<┌Н=Ь НE*НG/НўОJЄН&Н9 Н%Н$Н%еН)BН+1Н0~Н8LН<ЧН@НC╗НўОI НТН╪НН!НЮН%І Н-PН1BН6[Н9DН=оНCіНўОGe Н-Н!Н$0Н&Н'WН/гН2╪Н4PН6жН:УН>ГНALНCсНўОEЎНўОC0НKНО Н$gН&╧Н+║Н0╛Н3шН6OН9вН?#НBHНFьНўОA┴Н╩НBННН5Н ▓Н$Н%оН(-Н,CН2≤Н4▒Н5╧Н9kН;НA≈НFЦНўО?БН╨Н ННыН┤Н"$Н)JН+┬Н,╠НўО=TНяН%Н▌НдНpН ҐН#┴Н$ГН'▒Н+⌡Н-ЛН0^Н4tН7│Н9├Н;ЬНAСНDPНGкНўО;╛ Н°НДНПqН/ъО;╛Н0≤О;╛Н3=Н6DН8mН9▌Н={ НCНFЯНўО:Н┼НgНCНDН┼НpН!wН%8Н' rН,О:НўО7wН$Н▐НпН Н6НУНёН"?Н&шН(┴Н+│Н/5Н1%Н5=Н6УН8 Н>SНAшНCFНEKНўО5п НвНoНЫНёНFН▐Н#╨Н&rН+%Н,╪vН0О5пН0йО5пН5FrН²НDНўО$УН╩НNН Н~Н>Н░Н#Н%╞Н(╩Н-ё Н3жН6≈Н8эН@yНEНўО#NНTН⌡НВН≈Нt Н!°Н%8Н*aН,Н/иН7Н8ГН=`Н@YНCУНўО юНрНЦНїН НUН!Н')Н)≈Н,tН.< Н5АН;МН@╟НC@НEvНўОНН8Н0НФН ╧Н#BН$▀Н'6Н-Н1IН3oН7УН;┤Н>tНBНC НўОqНКН▒НХНnН$╡Н)QН-еН1|Н6НН9Й Н@#НBИНF(НўОйН^НяН┼Н!2Н'0Н+▀Н/@НўО<НЎНФНИНН%їН+.Н-УН0≤Н5oН:\Н?uНB%НўО∙НzНwНЛНсН╙Н%жН*╦Н-hН.МН3ДН6sН:█Н<ЫН?ЖНANНF0НHeНўОНН╛НMНGННэНїН'эН-_Н/ЩН1АН7Н?|НC$НEwНўОFНHН╨ННеН² Н&╙Н)дН/3Н2BНўО╧П%Н$єН*║Н,8Н/~Н1 Н6┌Н9OНCЪНўО НўО ┐Н Н;НщН 4Н"┐Н$ХН&▒Н'╙Н,РН/ГН5■Н7а Н?FНE4НўОэНqН╨НKНfННу Н%xН)DН.#Н2©Н70Н:ЕН@TНCN НўО 5Н|НбН)НзН$MН&Н)8uН)хО_TVm$}ComeseemeifyoufindyourselftemptedtouseLOOPHOLEinanywayrelatingtoREFs.Client-alterablesystemparameters:controllingthegarbagecollectorSafeStorage.mesaprovidesaccesstoparametersandoperationsthatcontrolthegarbagecollector.Thegarbagecollectorgetsinitiatedautomaticallywhenever"CollectionInterval"collectiblewordshavebeenallocatedsincethelastcollectionwasinitiated.Thecollectorrunsinthebackground,concurrentwithclientallocationandreference-countingactivity.Per-processaccountingofstorageutilizationisdone;ifaprocesswouldtriggeracollectionwhilethecollectorisrunningANDthatprocesshasallocatedmorethan"CollectionInterval"wordssincethecollectorwaslasttriggeredthentheprocesswillbesuspendeduntilthecollectorfinishes.Itispossibletochangethe"CollectionInterval"systemparameter.Thisbalancesthecostofcollectionagainsttheunreclaimedstorage"highwatermark".Garbagecollectionwillalsobeinvokedautomaticallybythereference-countingmachinerywhenitstablesbecomefullorwhenmorequantathanareavailablearerequiredfromVM.Inthelattercase,allZONEswillbetrimmedandfreeSpaceswillbereturnedtoPilotafterthecollectionfinishes.ItispossibletochangethethresholdonCedarallocatorVMthattriggerssuchacollection.ThisbalancesthecostoftrimmingallzonesandfreeingSpacesagainsttheallocator'sVMhighwatermark.Ifthereferencecounttableoverflowsduringacollectionthenreferencecountingandtheincrementalcollectorwillbedisabled.Thetrace-and-sweepcollectorwillbeinvokedatthistimetoperformamoreleisurelyandthoroughcollection(recoveringcircularstructuresandinaccessibleobjectswithpinnedreferencecounts)andreconstructthereferencecounttable.SafeStorage.ReclaimCollectibleObjectsistheclientinterfaceforexplicitinvocationofthecollector.4rНўОb)Н╨ННaНбНyНgН!╘Н' Н(╩Н+0Н3≈Н5EН7ФН:ЎН?ҐНAkpН ЛО[▄Н─НЮ Н#я Н,"Н.ЗН5 rНўОUбН~Н Н!Н"и Н)пН,┤ Н35Н6Н:ІН=НB6 НўОSGН╛НТН╙Н·Н#(Н+бН2Н>ы НE┌НўОQ═НН²Н┼Н#Н╘Н"O Н(╙Н+| Н1]Н4[Н:Н=QН?&НA╚ НўОOЬ НїНуН╘ Н ШН#фН/|Н4╟ Н< НCНDщНўОNQ Н2Н╛НіННMН .Н$kН(чН* Н0XН4Н6┬Н<&Н=÷НBДНFаНўОL╙НmНмННЩН Н,▐Н0┤Н3ЕН6/Н;╙Н>AН@╛НFiНўОKН НАН▄Н}Н7Н"~Н$чН*mНўОH┤ННVНzНН∙НвН)OН-ґ Н4iН7eН<лН?НAЎНCZ НўОFЮНJН╘ Н┌Н 4Н$ Н'йНўОDeНA НoННыНцН$ЧН-jН/^Н1ЇН=TНDНGЄНўОBЎН▀Н▓Н НбНhН ЛН%oН(├Н*йН0vН2╨Н8;Н;⌠Н>ЁН@sНBцНFHНўОAН°Н╗НQН@НыН ▐Н#ZН'тН*~Н,mН2Н3ЁН6ВН:1Н<▐ НBбНHНўО?oНOНфН╙Н┤НН#eН%║Н)НН/ЎН2кН5оН:МН>TН?Ё НFuНўО=хНNНйНЄН┼НўН!╩Н%║Н(uН-8Н1яН6┼Н9 Н?≥НB█НEоНўО< НўО9╔ННRН1НИН3Н#HН' Н(і Н.╪Н1дН7ёН=5Н?нНB НўО7ЧНNНН НЕНнН)ЖН/≈Н2TН4VН9╘Н;SН>НA<НBЭНHeНўО6WНQНзН╒Н╔ Н$К Н,-Н13 Н7└Н:LНAгНFtНўО4╞НVНSН(Нъ Н%РН(QН.OН2&НўО24П%Н$6Н%╒Н(Н+аН1gН3єН8x Н?&Н@ъНC? uН)хОЖ┤TVm$a TIMESROMANЧ÷ HELVETICAЧ÷LOGOЭЄLAURELЧ÷ TIMESROMANЧ÷ TIMESROMANЧФ TIMESROMANЧYІ 'рZ!j/$"≥И▄ЭЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪЪSafeStoragePrimer.tioga29-Oct-82 12:20:28