TheTiogaEditorReleaseas[Indigo]Documentation>TiogaDoc.TiogaandTiogaDoc.PressLasteditedbyBillPaxtononMarch14,1983byRickBeachonJune7,19831:37pmAbstract:ThisisanoverviewofTiogaasavailableforCedar4.2inJune,1983.Tiogaisasystemtohelpyoupreparedocuments.Itstwomaincomponentsareaneditorandatypesetter.Theeditorletsyoucreatethetextofadocument.Thetypesettercomposesthetextintopagesforprinting.Tiogaisalreadycapableofdealingwithsimpletechnicalpapersandisalsowellsuitedtomoremundanetaskssuchaswritingprogramsandmemos.Infutureversions,itwillbesuitableforcomplextechnicaldocumentsandbooksandwillsupporttables,mathformulas,andfigurescontainingsyntheticgraphicsorscannedimages.Ifyouarelookingatthisdocumenton-line,youmightwanttousethelevel-clippingfunctiontoseetheoverallstructureratherthansimplyplowingstraightthrough.Hitthe"Levels"buttoninthetopmenu,thenhit"FirstLevelOnly"inthenewmenuthatappears.Thatwillshowyouthemajorsectionheadings.Hit"MoreLevels"toseethesubsections,orhit"AllLevels"toreadthedetails.XEROXXeroxCorporationPaloAltoResearchCenter3333CoyoteHillRoadPaloAlto,California94304DRAFTForInternalXeroxUseOnlyDRAFTp M^{q MYr Y+2r5_ q MW r W#I% V6o 1"$(&+`s MRrRR  !&+(;.x05N79=BkFHD MQ@# %\'D)-s 58>:<>WA'BT MO6_Y!#[$,M/6 5<?zBLE+ MM *$&g+.39>AC_F MLJo6#!%)03s9u;+?vEF MJ Z!;(+025g:?tC MH:# j &(. ME g"u'*.2369 BG MD A#(F-3:9<>D MB^ 5C'~)5+.36<@/BF M@   @ )+L-0q 8:< DwF( M? t Mr*N. *N@-07Z*N -25*N -1 7u M J"R(-25]TVm$gTVm$adcollectedinastylewhichcanbesharedbymanydocuments.Forexample,inthestyleforthisdocumenttherearedefinitionsofformatsfortitles,headings,andstandardparagraphs,andtherearedefinitionsoflooksforemphasisandforsmallcaps.Ratherthancopyingthespecificdetailsfortheformatsandlooks,thedocumentreferstothembynamesoitiseasytochangethedefinitionsinthestyleandmodifytheappearanceuniformlythroughoutthedocument.ThedetailsofthestylelanguagTIOGAEDITOR2OverviewSomeeditorsrepresentadocumentasalistofparagraphs.InTioga,adocumentisatreestructureratherthanalistsothatyoucanexplicitlyrepresentitshierarchicalstructure.IndiscussingthedocumenttreeweuseComputerScienceterminologyinwhichabranchisrecursivelydefinedtobeanodehavingzeroormorechildrenbranches.Therootnodeofthedocumenttreeisnotdisplayedalthoughitcanbemodifiedbyafewspecialcommandssothedocumentbasicallyappearstobealistoftop-levelbranches.Eachnodeinthetreecontainstext.Thecharactersofthetextcanhavelookswhichcontrolvariousaspectsoftheirappearancesuchasfontandsize.Appearanceisalsoinfluencedbytheformatofthenodewhichdeterminesthingssuchasverticalandhorizontalspacing.Thedocumentcontainsnamesoflooksandformats,butnotthespecificinterpretationofthem.Theinterpretationsareinsteadcollectedinastylewhichcanbesharedbymanydocuments.Forexample,inthestyleforthisdocumenttherearedefinitionsofformatsfortitles,headings,andstandardparagraphs,andtherearedefinitionsoflooksforemphasisandforsmallcaps.Ratherthancopyingthespecificdetailsfortheformatsandlooks,thedocumentreferstothembynamesoitiseasytochangethedefinitionsinthestyleandmodifytheappearanceuniformlythroughoutthedocument.Thedetailsofthestylelanguagewillbedescribedinaforthcomingmemo.UserCategoriesTheTiogauser-interfaceis"layered"sothatbeginninguserscanprotectthemselvesfromtheconfusionthatresultsfrommistakenlygivingacommand.Inwaysdescribedbelow,youcantellthesystemthatyouareeitherabeginner,anintermediate,oranadvanceduser.Ifyoudonothing,thedefaultisbeginner.AsfarastheTiogauser-interfaceisconcerned,theusercategorydetermineswhichkeyboardcommandsarecurrentlyenabled.Asabeginner,yougetthecommandsthatusethespecialkeysattheleftandrightofthekeyboard,plusCTRL-AandCTRL-Wforbackspacecharacterandword,respectively.Asanintermediateuser,youaddalargenumberofcommandsthatuseprintkeysincombinationwiththevariousshiftkeys.Asanadvanceduser,youaddthekeyboardcommandsformanipulatingthedocumenttreestructure.AnycategoryofusercangetatanyofthecommandsbyusingtheEditTool.Theusercategorymechanismismeanttoletyouprotectyourself,nottolimityou.Youarefreetochangeyourowncategoryatanytimeyoufeellikeit.Forexample,todeclareyourselftobeanintermediateuser,edityouruserprofiletosay"UserCategory:intermediate".InputDevicesMouseThemousehasthreebuttonsnamedLEFT,MIDDLE,andRIGHTcorrespondingtotheirphysicallayout.KeyboardUsedforcommandsaswellastextinput.Herearethenamesforthespecialkeys.LOOK(looksshift).toprightblankkey.NEXT.middlerightblankkey.REPEAT.keylabelledESC.CEDAR4.2v%?g'w&&g'&g'v)g'w*g'rHDg'x M^vo[k<&')C+- 57<=XCE}F YUM^sJ!#& +13 : A^C XWc#( 0n2)6C7z<$= D Vos5"V'.1489S E&G/yMvRMM6 $m(k+-14l :@dC"KG_`$&o(*/ 8!9=@kJI|I y,JIJIv!bJI"`JI%(0*;.04 <?|EgG/H1X! (0).04::(<B0 F* ' #&C,b/G15}9>AG/ES j)!9$(*x046:6 v;fq !Z')<+2_58Q< CG/9W$r %)+2=4 7e=ADG08SVB!#K)+ 4?688]>BDG6p}3 %i& -03 8} ?~C2M:# %&9,F.193:q=9?BFu0ifs$w'0(0v*0w+K0v,0-)0w/5000v2F0w20v4?0406v<BE|. ju "t%(+D,s/56=@CFu-W xz!p$q(5*,,1577:t<B+ 6"% ,057;=@iBHE0G/*9 %!(+<0829>?B D(a!#&(K,0#3"8:(<?BE;G&6;N#%(1*w 26n9=@fE,G0%  z !Vytv1%<r .%Xw*%*%v,%w.%/%v2%3%w6%7%v;%;% DBF#o}y.v1 #%1',0g259];=Bvwdvd d%|d'+C/w v %| *#-u1Kw mvJ m%| m(w-= m- mv/` mw'>+ TVm$vo  !-w&Y '? v( w&+  TVm$dletup,theviewerwillchangetostartaboutx%ofthewaythroughtTIOGAEDITOR3DELETE.keylabelledDEL.LOADFILE.keylabelledLF.ThebottomrightblankkeyisanalternativeCTRLkey.YoucanuseeitherCTRLkeyandeitherSHIFTkeyinterchangeably.ScrollingandThumbingTomoveaviewertolookatadifferentpartofthedocument,movethecursorintotheleftmarginuntilitbecomesadoublearrowpointingbothupanddown.Thepartofthemarginthatbecomesgrayiscalledthe"scrollbar".Thedarkgraypartshowstherelativesizeandlocationofthecurrentlyvisibleportionofthedocument.Left-clicktomovethetextadjacenttothearrowtothetopoftheviewer.Right-clicktomovethetextfromthetopoftheviewerdowntothearrow.Theseoperationsarecalled"scrolling"thedocument.IfyouholddownMIDDLEinthescrollbar,thecursorbecomesaright-pointingarrow.Ifyoumovethecursortox%downfromthetopoftheviewerandletup,theviewerwillchangetostartaboutx%ofthewaythroughthedocument.Thisoperationiscalled"thumbing".ChanginglevelswhenyouscrollInadocumentsuchasthisonethatuseslevelstoreflectitslogicalstructure,itisoftenusefultostartwithaviewofthefirstlevelonlyandthenprogressivelyscrollthedocumentupandshowmorelevelsasyouzoominonaparticulartopic.Thisprocessisslowedwhenyouhavetomovethemousefromthescrollbaruptothelevelsmenuandback,sowehavemadeitpossibletoscrollandchangelevelsinasingleoperation.Thisworksbyusingthe(left)SHIFTandCTRLkeysasmodifiersoftheleft-clickthatcausesscrollingup.Scrollupandshowmorelevelsshift-left-click(holdtheleftSHIFTdownwhenleft-clickingtoscroll)Scrollupandshowalllevelscontrol-left-click(holdCTRLdownwhenleft-clickingtoscroll)Scrollupandshowminimumlevelsshift-control-left-click(holdboththeleftSHIFTandCTRLdownwhenleft-clickingtoscroll).SelectionsThedetailsofmakingselectionswillbecoveredlateron.Fornow,yousimplyneedtoknowthatthereisasingleprimaryselectiononthescreen.Theviewercontainingtheselectionisreferredtoasthe"selectedviewer".Manyofthefollowingcommandsdealwiththeselectionortheselectedviewer.CEDAR4.2v%?g'w&&g'&g'v)g'w*g'rHDg'w_/vS_/%|_/(w-=_/.#_/v/_/w\v\%|\(w-=\-\v.\oZ.72 |!# w*aZ.+,Z.v-Z..Z.1468w?BFNJN#!'<*!-^0z3j79>ADXL "$+ 237c9`v1=]. #&v)^,q0U26p8d< CDvEo;s1?X!o#&),/2 ;>AG}o90^1!%p'()7*j 05 8.= >CFo8%]t".$(/*,.Z04|8Y; >@hBEo6}!"a&'(, 36:<~@BhwE6}F_6}vo4w&44v4]4i "@$ *E-1M61W S$ %.2#4sw617w1v:1;^1>RA /~,9"0#w./,v.,w1,2s,v5,5,8<[ CEW),K#')~6:=@^wB),C),vF),G_),w'vK'' #J$z $/ v a $|'(.1&369<@D/E2 ^!5' )>+1?4F8 ?BOH#M$(*o,29<?B)Gnw'>+@TVm$TIOGAEDITOR4MenusToplevelmenuSavewritesanewversionofthefileOldversionofthefileisrenamedtohavea"$"attheendoftheextensionsothatyoucanretrieveitifnecessary.Iftheversionofthefileonthediskhasamorerecentcreatedatethanthedocumentyouareabouttosave,thesystemwilltellyou.Thisistowarnyouaboutsituationsinwhichyouloadafileandwhileitisinaviewertransferamorerecentversiontoyourdisk.GetloadsthefilenamedbytheselectionintoaviewerIftheclickisdonewiththeleftbutton,thefileisloadedintothe"clicked"viewerandreplacesthepreviouscontents.Ifitisdonewiththemiddlebutton,anewvieweriscreatedbelowtheclickedone.Finally,ifitisdonewiththerightbutton,theclickedviewerisclosedandanewviewerappearsinitsplace.Ifyouusearemotefilename,suchas/Cedar/Documentation/TiogaDoc.Tioga,thesystemwillfetchthefileandmaketheviewer"ReadOnly".Thisletsyoubrowseremotefilesandcopyinformationfromthem.Infuturereleases,Tiogawillsupporteditingofremotefiles.FileExtensionsIftheselectednamedoesnotincludeanexplicitextension(i.e.,thereisnoperiodintheselectedtext),Tiogawillsearchforthefileusingasetofstandardextensions.Thedefaultextensionsaremesa,tioga,df,cm,config,andstyle.Youcanspecifyyourownlistofextensionswithauserprofileentryfor"SourceFileExtensions".Iftheselectednameisoftheform.andsuchafileexists,itisopened.Otherwise,ifisoneofthestandardsetofextensions,youwillbeinformedthatthefiledoesn'texist.However,ifisnotastandardextension,thesystemtriestoopenthefileasifyouhadsimplyselected.Ifthissucceeds,itsearchesinthefileforadefinitionof.Thisconventionisintendedforusewithprogramsthathavemanyinstancesof.inwhich.mesaisafilecontainingadefinitionfor.GetImpllikeGetbutloadsthefilethatimplementstheselectedinterfacenameIftheselectednamedoesnotincludeanexplicitextension(i.e.,thereisnoperiodintheselectedtext),Tiogawilluseasetofstandardimplementationextensions.Currently,mesaistheonlydefaultimplementationextension.Youcanspecifyyourownlistofimplementationextensionswithauserprofileentryfor"ImplFileExtensions".Iftheselectednameisoftheform.andanimplementationfortheitemiscurrentlyloaded,thesystemwillfindthenameofthefileholdingtheimplementation(ourthankstotheCedarruntimemodelforprovidingthisinformation).Otherwise,thesystemtriestoopenthefileasifyouhadsimplyselected,and,ifthissucceeds,searchesinthefileforadefinitionof.PrevFilelikeGetbutreloadsthefilethatwaspreviouslyinthisviewerCEDAR4.2v%?g'w&&g'&g'v)g'w*g'rHDg'x M_z [yX`Uv:X`8X`<fT !$4yv1U "'),.)02{479;B"CFoSiP 1P!O#S%(+,6/37:>@mFoOFk6!$m&*v-/ 04<6: A BFoM~}? "&|+,0C4g9/:>yJOvJOJOsc!_#)d,<-f1FC!$P&+.802=69<9B[FoEX8#N$&M'+S.05:;>CFDoC#-$%'\*-0U38x:?CE`oB &P>!\#71?Mi $')$BEo=9J!|#(~ 147]:3?CFo<> K"#( -m1M39=?ZDo8G 6s ^ 5#[%*,1J7]:`=?@A<EG/4  P$&)U+/024:a AD3$ >O"K$',C/6379>BE\G1} s# &(/* "<$ &) 3p6=9:=FAiBDX-Y +!#&+-/ 69CDQG/+Q&`"$$(*$,-3 :2<A;DWF* ?wv"(3.P/289?qA/CFHe(c G+" )H*03159?XBRE&Y#%)4+569' ?A GR%y!`vE!!y!!v}!D! "%Z() /17<1u)a,"h$)+069=>AEvG/oG9!{"$&,[ 6K = DH#o&  # *-0578;=? o -VP!%S'10 Q"$`'3_67 ADFio\"%R(K*.0C25":7< Fon %,'_-0+ 8 ?BFo  bu.!&Z+ 3 67:$@EG/of? Cy rvW  y  v V !$-&)d, 24a7w'>+ TVm$' .0>2y  v} D  "u%*m,&.w&+  TVm$TIOGAEDITOR5ResetdiscardseditsbyreloadingthefiledversionofthedocumentStorelikeSavebutwritestothefilenamedbythecurrentselectionClearcreatesanemptyviewerIftheclickisdonewiththeleftbutton,the"clicked"vieweriscleared.Ifitisdonewiththemiddlebutton,anewemptyvieweriscreatedbelowtheclickedone.Finally,ifitisdonewiththerightbutton,theclickedviewerisclosedandanewemptyviewerappearsinitsplace.Theemptyviewerwillsay"NoName"atthetopintheplacethatwouldnormallyholdthefilename.Naturallythemostcommonthingtodowitha"NoName"vieweristoloadafile.Ifyoutypeafilenameintoa"NoName"viewerandthenhitLF,itisasifyouselectedthenameandhitGetbutnoconfirmationisrequired.CTRL-LFprovidesasimilarfunctionforGetImpl.ACommentRegarding"Unsaved"DocumentsItisnotuncommontoforgettosavethecontentsofaviewerbeforedestroyingitorloadingsomethingelseintoit.HoweverthisisnotadisastersinceTiogaholdsonto"unsaved"documentssoyoucanreloadthemwitheditspreserved.ThenumberofsuchdocumentsthatTiogawillrememberissetbyaprofileentry(UnsavedDocumentsCacheSize);thedefaultisfour.Wheneverthereareunsaveddocuments,Tiogacreatesaspecialviewerlistingtheirnames.UnsaveddocumentsareputintothecachebyDestroy,Clear,Get,GetImpl,andPrevFile.TheyarenotputinbyReset.Ifthecacheisalreadyfullwhenanewentryarrives,theoldestentryisdiscarded.WheneverafileisneededforGet,GetImpl,orPrevFile,thecacheischeckedtoseeifanunsavedversionisavailable."NoName"documentsarenotputintothecache.TimeinsertsthecurrenttimeatthecaretSplitcreatesanewviewerlookingatthesamedocumentTheselectionishighlightedinonevieweronly,howevereditswillbereflectedinallviewersforthedocument.Notethatthesplitviewerscanbeindependentlyclosed,opened,ormovedonthescreen.Places,Levelsshow/removesubmenusPlacesThePlacesmenucontainscommandsthatcausetheviewertobegindisplayingatanewplaceinthedocument.Thefirstthreeofthecommandssearchforinstancesofthecurrentselection.Forthesecommands,thebuttonusedinclickingthemenuitemdetermineshowthesearchiscarriedoutleft-clicktosearchtowardstheendofthedocument,right-clicktosearchtowardsthestartofthedocument,ormiddle-clicktosearchfirsttowardstheendand,ifthatfails,thenfromthestartofthedocument.Iftheselectionisvisibleintheviewer,thesearchstartsthere.Otherwise,itstartsfromthetopoftheviewer.FindFindanotherinstanceoftheselectedtext.CEDAR4.2v%?g'w&&g'&g'v)g'w*g'rHDg'y_/v_/g_/)%$8&).0H2y[v[[y?[[v[M[ !$&+-/b4+yXvXCX/Y1UBO.!I#&*-H3Q79">@?ACFtoS{Gsc#()t.@2O49[<ACVDFoQ)F#(F)-0148="B'CE1Oxa "&*,/13R59d@KADboJ|*?p!m )*w1EJ2Jv4VJw4Jv6J7lJ<+=LAG9oHyE<#v1B<<a#%s(]*/126;* ABDo@\\}B%h(S*,.:3x74;]?\Bo>d,v!%@(_+ 25:<?Fo=FwK  #$Y(,@CSH#o;!Q$ +/359u=AD19$!#&d(,.z38;ACo7|yL7| 7|v7|w7|2"$&h*5+0u367:>dC,Eo57 C#$l' (-03d9;AD$H#o4.m#!m&5' .91M6= ?_ADWG/o2y/7vs/7/7""#& y+Vv;++ >%2&)*,1(y "$'+].47J9;A=BDo&^!$ '+.0{ 9> CBE o%Kuy!v!9! !Rz v]{ '*`.0T46F: @|BCE5|a"$').2a4:C Y"&D(-E/37 >+AMCH#g- x"'*D-.1&7 >z@.Dn|b v (\*.a1H6w8;>@8CFiQ"$O&,u-2Q46;N=B Eq ?:"#&'y"v1 !#)+w'>+TVm$7;O>TIOGAEDITOR6Inthiscommandandthefollowingtwo,capitalizationmattersinthesearch(e.g.,hittingFindwith"the"selectedwillnotselect"The").WordFindaninstanceoftheselectedtextthatisa"word"i.e.,doesn'thaveadjacentlettersordigits.DefFinda"definition"oftheselectedtexti.e.,aninstanceoftheselectedtextthatisimmediatelyfollowedbyacolonanddoesn'thaveanimmediatelyprioralphanumeric.PositionThisisusefulwithcompilererrormessagesthatgivelocationsascharactercounts.Thecommandscrollstotheselectedcharacternumberandthenselectsite.g.,if"183"isselected,scrolltoandselectcharacternumber183inthedocument.NormalizeIfthedocumentinthisviewerdoesnotcontaintheselection,scrollstothestartofthedocument.Otherwisescrollstomaketheselectionvisibleleft-clicktoscrolltothestartoftheselection,right-clicktoscrolltotheend,ormiddle-clicktoscrolltothecaret.PrevPlaceGobacktotheplacethatwaspreviouslyvisibleinthisviewerdiscountingmanualscrollingthatmayhavetakenplacesince.ReselectRestorethemostrecentselectioninthisviewerandscrolltoit.LevelsThesecommandsletyoucontrolhowdeepthedisplaygoesinthedocumenttreestructure.FirstLevelOnlyshowonlythetoplevelnodesMoreLevelsshowonemorelevelthancurrentlyFewerLevelsshowonefewerlevelthancurrentlyAllLevelsshowalllevelsofthetreeCEDAR4.2v%?g'w&&g'&g'v)g'w*g'rHDg'v1_'D "(+ 4;90:=iAE)o]!#'yZ,v1V!&<(+-D.u3e5R7<@EvoU13yQv1N  #(+-028S:A<B5E!H#oL G #&+F.0| 8T; yIv1F;f!W$.'-039|;EAIFoDo"(-0b3t78:=>BD oB~>!'&S(*,y?v1+TVm$^-'G #'[).m1355<> y ) *v)) #yTIOGAEDITOR7SelectionsPrimaryselectionsTheprimaryselectionistheonethat'saroundmostofthetimeandistheusualsiteforedits.Itisdisplayedwithasolidunderlineorwithvideoreverse.Makeaprimaryselectionwiththemouseinwaysdescribedbelow.DuringcertaineditingoperationssuchasCopyorMovethereisa"secondary"selectionwhichisdisplayedasagrayunderlineorbackground.InsertionpointTheinsertionpointgoeswithprimaryselection.Itisshownbyablinking"caret"atoneendortheotheroftheselectiontheendclosertothecursorwhentheselectionwasmadeortheonemostrecentlyextended.MakingselectionsTheselectionhierarchyTheselectionhierarchyconsistsofthefollowinglevelsatwhichaselectioncanexist:point,character,word,node,branch,anddocument.PointselectionTheprimaryselectionhasablinkingcaretatoneend.Someoperations,suchasdeleteandtype-in,reducetheselectiontojustthecaret.Thisiscalledapointselection.CharacterselectionLeft-clickwiththecursoroverthedesiredcharacter.Youcanholdtheleftbuttondownandmovetothecorrectplacebeforelettingthebuttonup.YoucancancelthenewselectionbyhittingDELwhilethemousebuttonisstilldown.Thesystemwillrestorethepreviousselection.WordselectionA"word"isdefinedasasequenceoflettersanddigitsorasequenceofidenticalcharactersthatarenotlettersordigits.UsetheMIDDLEmousebuttontomakewordselections.Aswithcharacterselection,youcanholdMIDDLEdownandmovetothecorrectwordbeforelettingup.NodeselectionLeft-double-clicktoselectanode.BranchselectionAbranchisanodeandanychildrenbranchesitmighthave.Middle-double-clicktoselectabranch.DocumentselectionCEDAR4.2v%?g'w&&g'&g'v)g'w*g'rHDg'x M^ z [ vXW]"$(J,0J14H7`: ;i=AMCEVEq%U'**V.'379>LDG/Us,"',,0 7:<@ABFSaz q"$#)+],/57 yPv1Lp!$) 023y79;@|EBFoK/d 6#%(;*.037F;=lCEoIs3>z F$ yBPv1? %'3)/3D489?AEo= \"Q% y:v17@%w 8"$)-.15W9H @jCEo5&2 #%a(*b.13!78B; y2I\v1. f"0%U', 3o69 <\>AGEo-R&"&i*- 11*0 &(|w,*-*v/*0*3-5}9>*?BFo)0{# y%v1" l!'])- /3W5 6#;=C" o :!^$(w& ' v+ , /4k69=M DLFZoCt a! w$VC%gCv)C*VC-v0J4%58l=@E*oyLv1"[#yv1^? #\(.k/37D.Eoy hw'>+TVm$  o!% *Hw!j#ew'*(*v**+*.TIOGAEDITOR8CTRL-Dextendstheselectiontoincludetheentiredocument."D"standsforfor"Document".SelectionextensionExtendanexistingselectionbypointingatanewendpointandright-clicking.ThesystemwillextendtheendoftheselectionclosertothecursorwhenRIGHTgoesdown.YoucanholdRIGHTdownandmovetheendpointtoanewposition.Ifyoujustright-click,theselectionisextendedatthesamelevelintheselectionhierarchy.Forexample,aselectionatthewordlevelwillbeextendedawordatatime.Double-right-clicktoextendatalowerlevelinselectionhierarchy.Triple-right-clicktoextendatahigherlevelinselectionhierarchy.Thus,ifyouhaveanode-levelselectionandwishtoextendittoawordpositionwithinanode,double-right-clicktoreducetheleveltowordsandthendotheextension.Ifnecessary,youcanthendouble-right-clickagaintoreducetocharacterlevel.EditingbymakingselectionsDeleteselectionsAdeleteselectionisdeletedassoonastheselectioniscompleted.Itisshownasvideoreverse.HolddownCTRLtomakeadeleteselection.TheselectioniscompletewhenyouletuponboththemousebuttonandtheCTRLkey.Pending-deleteselections"Pending-delete"selectionsareautomaticallydeletedbysubsequentinsertions.Theyareshownwithvideoreverseratherthansolidunderline.Wheneveryouextendaselectionitisautomaticallymadepending-delete.Noticethatyoudon'thavetoactuallychangetheselectionwhenyou"extend"it.Forexample,youcanmiddle-clicktoselectawordandthenimmediatelyright-clicktomakeitpending-delete.Oryoucancombinetheseactionsby"rolling"fromtheLEFTorMIDDLEmousebuttontotheRIGHTbuttontomakeacharorwordselectionpending-delete.Forexample,thesequenceMIDDLE-down,RIGHT-down,MIDDLE-up,RIGHT-upwillproduceapending-deletewordselection.CopyandMoveSourceselectionsaremadewiththeSHIFTkeyhelddownandareshownwithagrayunderline.CopysourcetoprimaryIfyouholddowntheSHIFTkeyandselect,thesourceselectionwillbecopied.Iftheprimaryselectioniscurrentlypending-delete,itwillbereplacedbythecopyofthesource.Otherwise,thecopywillbeinsertedatthecaret.MovesourcetoprimaryIfyouholddowntheSHIFTkeyandtheCTRLkey,thesourceselectionwillbemoved.Asbefore,iftheprimaryselectionispending-delete,itwillbereplacedbythesource.Otherwise,thesourcewillbemovedtothecaret.DestinationselectionsforCopyandMoveCEDAR4.2v%?g'w&&g'&g'v)g'w*g'rHDg'w1_/vB_/w_/vc_/_/%'-/4C"oM*Wc!o'! .)8:?@AFIoL) !]"%c() 0g68;=AC@DFoJv(m).^035Z9J;>@C oH ]*.0146\y>>vn>>#%)*-d3'4 ?DEo=Ewe=E0=Ev=E S=E!%Q&* 139;ADGxo;#}!$w';';v*;+<;y8O # v14 #H% .535, A o.b V&)+.D37i<>CG/wo,v ,,w,,=,v,,S$$&1w(,),v-p,.7,2@4M8`9=W?zCao+"!$4w* +++v.+/?+w3R+4&+v7+7+w;+<+v@d+@+wC8+D +vG+G}+o)lt !% y&:v1" T#'w)"*O"v-".`"0n37:=-ADF[o!& o$s"["(w!q["[v%H[&['*.1I5;\>@EGO#?-.m1+3.8:=F@BvD  [ !'/(+'oZXBw!OB!Bv%!B%B'*w,B-Bv0iB1$B3_5:?BDy'`!')y3r58:6@BBD  Y!"'{))+y J Mt #w'>+bTVm$l$&+0d28i<>DF 4. L!t"{%(u+x 3- 9;>? 3Q :!'v*w-g3Q. 3Qv03Q13Qw23Q33QvTIOGAEDITOR9Theoperationsdescribedaboveworkbycopyingormovingasourceselectiontotheprimaryselection.However,oftentheprimaryselectionisitselfthethingyouwanttocopyormove.Thefollowingtwocommandstakecareofthesesituations.CopyprimaryTocopytheprimaryselection,hitCTRL-S,andwiththecontrolkeystillhelddown,selectadestination.Thecopytakesplaceassoonasyouletthekeysup.Theprimaryselectionismadenot-pending-deleteassoonasyouhitCTRL-Stoindicatethatitwillbecopiedratherthanmoved.MoveprimaryTomovetheprimaryselection,hitCTRL-Z,andwiththecontrolkeystillhelddown,selectadestination.Themovetakesplaceassoonasyouletthekeysup.Theprimaryselectionismadepending-deleteassoonasyouhitCTRL-Ztoindicatethatitwillbemovedratherthancopied.TransposeselectionsWenowhavecoveredcommandstocopyormoveeithertheprimaryorthesourceselections.Afinaloptionistotransposetheprimaryandthesource.Todothis,hitCTRL-X,andwiththecontrolkeystillhelddown,selectasource.Thetransposetakesplaceassoonasyouletthekeysandmousebuttonsup.MiscellaneousCancellingaselectionHitDELbeforefinishingtheselectionandthepreviousselectionwillberestored.Thisworksduringeitherprimary,source,destination,ortransposeselections.PlaceholdersA"placeholder"isallthetextbetweenamatchingpairofplaceholderbrackets,.HitNEXTtofindandselectthenextplaceholderbeyondthecurrentselection.HitSHIFT-NEXTtofindthepreviousone.RecallthatNEXTistheblankkeytotherightofRETURN.Ifthereisn'tanotherplaceholder,NEXTwillmovetheselectiontotheendofthedocument.Iftheselectionisalreadyattheend,NEXTwilltrytofindthenextnestedtextviewer.Similarly,SHIFT-NEXTwillmovetheselectiontothestartofthedocumentifitdoesn'tfindapreviousplaceholderandwilltrytofindthepreviousnestedtextviewerifitisalreadyatthestart.ThisallowsyoutouseNEXTbothwhenfillinginplaceholderswithinadocumentandwhenfillingintextviewersintools.SelectvisibleexpandselectiontoblanksCTRL-Vexpandstheselectiontoincludethe"visible"charactersontheleftandrightends.Thisisusefulforselectingthingslikefullfilenames.Forexample,inthefollowingyoucouldmakeacharacterselectionanywhereinthenameandthenextendtheselectionwithCTRL-V.Filedon:[Indigo]Documentation>TiogaDoc.TiogaCEDAR4.2v%?g'w&&g'&g'v)g'w*g'rHDg'v1_/G 2"&*,284:9k:?`ECG/o] !P$'=,q23|692<?wBD|Go[ &),n.'1 oX$V, O &8w(@V) Vv,RV-V/259<->AETn #d&(+-072-47:=RBH#R z":%'S*w,LR-Rv0R1ER27:<>@EcQ oMZKUF! 'w*KU*KUv.2KU/3KU25P7<?fB,ElI *!&% (,a.313n6H8g:>(A]DXHz %&* +.{w0H1gHv55H5H6<>@HBDF_yCq v1?S!N(}*v.04(8^;@BE?o> R!)"(+d03c5;=6?EBGwDl>E7>vH>o@iBo!%" B"w%!%&j!%v)!%*!%+-/C24b7[;>3CE wo~v~wJ~v~~ %')-.1b79\:?BCo |;"%*.157C89>@HBFuo/fw//v=//!%A)K+ 27I8|>AEqoly9+"E#w1vBwv=$5%*-2 9;=x?BE1nW<"'),T.46<>N@FogH$*,/L3869n>@Ftwovwv 0 Q +w'>+NTVm$*-,.R027t;>y LO v IGZ!#&(,028@:<@ H H bgq!$TIOGAEDITOR10SelectmatchingbracketsCTRL-]extendstheselectiontotheleftandrighttofindamatchingpairof[..]'s.SimilarlyforCTRL-},CTRL-),andCTRL->.NotethatyouhitCTRLwiththerightbrackettoextendtheselection.Inaddition,youcanhitCTRLwiththeleftbrackettoinsertmatchingbracketsaroundtheselection.Finepoint:Unfortunately,ourkeyboardsdon'thavebothleftandrightquotekeys.Howevermostofthefonts,includingTimesRomanandHelvetica,doprovidealeftandrightsinglequote.Thekeyboardkeyinsertsarightsinglequote(code047);theleftsinglequote(code140)canbeinsertedusingtheMakeOctalCharactercommandintheEditToolorwiththeInsertMatchingSingleQuotescommand(CTRL-').TheEditToolalsohasacommandwhichextendstheselectiontofindamatchingpairofleftandrightsinglequotes.Thesituationfordoublequotesisevenlessuniform.Somefonts,suchasClassic,havealeftdoublequote(code264)inadditiontoarightdoublequote(code042).However,mostfontshaveonlythe042doublequote,sotheTiogacommandsforinsertingandmatchingdoublequotesusethatcodeexclusively.CEDAR4.2v$g'w%g'&-g'v)4g'w*g'rG~g'y_,w1[vB[[#%.'),/14x5;>`@CoZwZZvZBZwZZvZdZwZQZv!Z"Z$6'*-Rw/zZ0EZv2Z3Z6#8;@BGoXv 1"Iw$QXv%Xvv'Xv(Xv*- /j4559?lDoV 1TB% #&-s1X48{;A>IAFoRV & /g2) 8:?@C{F=oPr`P!p$()-0135-9<?AEoOLEj  ^$&3u9;>%A?DFtoMa %,w,M-dMv/M0#M258AEoH1Bb =#(/,/39=W@DG/oGS#D*:,2>5;?D;FoE` w'>+TVm$insertsarightsinglequote(code047);theleftsinglequote(code140)canbeinsertedusingtheMakeOctalCharactercommandintheEditToolorwiththeInsertMatchingSingleQuotescommand(CTRL-').TheEditToolalsohasacommandwhichextendstheselectiontofindamatchingpairofleftandrightsinglequotes.Thesituationfordoublequotesisevenlessuniform.Somefonts,suchasClassic,havealeftdoublequote(code264)inadditiontoarightdoublequote(code042).However,mostfontshaveonlythe042doublequote,sotheTiogacommandsforinsertingandmatchingTIOGAEDITOR11EditingTextinputTyped-incharactersareinsertedatthecaret.ToinsertthecurrenttimeuseCTRL-T"T"forTime.WhenyouinsertacarriagereturnbyhittingRETURN,thesystemwillautomaticallycopytheblankcharacters(tabsandspaces)fromthestartofthepreviousline.Tosuppressthis,typeSHIFT-RETURNandonlythecarriagereturnwillbeinserted.Toinsertcontrolcharactersorcharacterswithaspecificoctalcode,useCTRL-KorCTRL-O.Theformerwillchangethecharacterbeforethecarettoacontrolcharacter,whilethelatterwillconvertthethreedigitsbeforethecarettothecorrespondingoctalcharacter.TheinverseoperationsarealsoavailableasCTRL-SHIFT-KandCTRL-SHIFT-O.AbbreviationExpansionCTRL-E"E"forExpandabbreviationWhenyouhitCTRL-E,thecaretismovedtotherightoftheselectionifnecessaryandthekeynametotheleftofthecaretisthenreplacedbytheexpansiontext(accordingtothedefinitionwhichislinkedtothestyleinamannerdescribedbelow).Ifthekeynamehadlooks,theyareaddedtotheexpansion.Ifthekeynamewasallcaps,theexpansionismadeallcapstoo.Ifthekeynamehadaninitialcap,thefirstcharacteroftheexpansionismadeuppercase(usefulatthestartofsentences,forexample).Ifthedefinitionnodehasanon-nullformat,theformatofthecaretnodeischangedtobethesameasthedefinitionnode.Iftheexpansioncontainsaplaceholder,thefirstplaceholderisselected.Otherwisetheentireexpansionisselected.DefinitionsforabbreviationscomefromTiogadocumentswhichareautomaticallyreadbythesystemwhenneeded.Thenameoftheappropriateabbreviationsfileisdeterminedbythestylethatisineffectatthecaretwhentheexpansiontakesplace.Forexample,ifthestyleis"Report",theabbreviationswillcomefromthefile"Report.Abbreviations".Youcanoverridethisbyexplicitlynamingtheabbreviationsfilealongwiththekeyname.Forexample,"Mesa.proc"willexpandtheabbreviationfor"proc"fromthefile"Mesa.Abbreviations"independentofthestyleineffectatthecaret.(Finepoint:Sincethesysteminterpretsaperiodbeforethekeynametomeanthatyou'respecifyingaparticularabbreviationsfile,youcannottypeavanillaabbreviationafteraperiod.)Eachdefinitioninanabbreviationsfileconsistsofaseparatebranch.Thetopnodeofthebranchholdsthekeynamefollowedbyanequalssignandthenthetextexpansion.Therestofthebranch,ifany,iscopiedafterthecaretnodeaspartofexpandingtheabbreviation.Anytextfollowingthekeynameismovedtotheendofthelastchildnodeinthebranch.Thedefinitionmayalsoincludealistofoperationstobeperformedaftertheexpansionhasbeeninserted.TheseoperationshavethesameformatasthoseinEditToolandareplacedinparenthesesafterthekeynameandbeforetheequalssign.DeleteCharacterorWordBackSpace:CTRL-A,CTRL-H,orBS.Deletesthecharactertotheleftofthecaret.Finepoint:Ifthecaretisatthestartofanode,thisdoesaJoincommand(q.v.).BackWord:CTRL-W,orCTRL-BS.Deletesthewordtotheleftofthecaret.CEDAR4.2v$g'w%g'&-g'v)4g'w*g'rG~g'x M^z [vXV /$&S(U!!w#U$PUv&Uw'Uv(3U*U,y/!U0 Uv2US^`!%'w,4S^-S^v1S^1S^4R8;q CG/Q -#'~*-B/%17h;O=C[FwPvpPwPv;PP l$(+q-bM  "3$ *-.37^;w=M>eMvBnMC)MwDFMEMvHMK2C%1)+/L12.6 =,@CJFJEG"m%(*-p 6:U ADH w!EH"H v)H*pHw,H-MH v4Hz EN wAvAwZAv}AbA/ylA_A!z v?w??v ?w?v=?.?!%&+.,/e247 <><DdG/=p'"!p"%+[-G/68 ?T@CD <400t!5"r'-3W47_=D@DG;:4E !~'Q)+/Y1829=a?RBcEG/8w!$*,j.5L6:@EG/7>( `"$&| ,0M239>@EmG/5o#! #'x)n, 279S;BHe3 0 "s#)0i26=+>1t h "&*9.25=9e; D_G/!%x'G) 13 9<<= EG/.%YBv)#&)d/382:@B^DH#,~ "S&),.>TA|D!*q ;U ')-029J;A )// 3"'"*-/=\ EaG/'@W"&*{,1Y 78= A]C%; W!` 'u /2h49Yw1 B( B"($%&),./17 v w  v) w v  w] ( v"n w" v$@ % *,0r2 468; w'>+ rTVm$r * O 3 x',)/ 7:e?=A )7 P'x /1m37J9=>AUE ' 5 GY#'*TIOGAEDITOR12DeleteNextChar:CTRL-SHIFT-A,CTRL-SHIFT-H,orSHIFT-BS.Deletesthecharactertotherightofthecaret.DeleteNextWord:CTRL-SHIFT-W,orCTRL-SHIFT-BS.Deletesthewordtotherightofthecaret.DeleteAsmentionedabove,youcandeletesomethingbyselectingitwithCTRLhelddown.Inaddition,youcandeletethecurrentselectionbyhittingDEL.PastePaste:CTRL-P.Themostrecentlydeletedtextiscopiedtothecaret.YoucanalsousetheEditTooltosavethecurrentselectiontobepastedlater.Copy,Move,Replace,andTransposeTheseoperationsareallcarriedoutbymakingselections.Theyaredescribedindetailintheprevioussection.InsertmatchingbracketsCTRL-[addsamatchingpairof[..]'stotheendsoftheselection.SimilarCTRLcommandsexistfor{,(,<,-,',and".CTRL-Binsertsmatchingplaceholderbrackets.Note:CTRL-'insertsaleftsinglequote(code140)andarightsinglequote(code047);CTRL-"insertsthesamecharacter(code042)ateachendoftheselection.CaseAlllower:CTRL-C.Makestheselectionalllowercase.Allcaps:CTRL-SHIFT-C.Makestheselectionalluppercase.Initialcaps:CTRL-doubleC.Capitalizeseachwordintheselection.Firstcap:CTRL-SHIFT-doubleC.CapitalizesthefirstwordoftheselectionRepeatHittingESCwillrepeatthemostrecentnon-emptyeditsequencestartingwiththecurrentselection.Editsequencesareseparatedbyuser-madeselections.Forexample,ifyouselectaword,deleteit,typeanewone,andthenselectsomethingelse,theeditsequenceisdeletefollowedbytextentry.IfyouhitRepeat,thesystemwilldoadeleteandretypethenewword.Auto-repeatisdonebyESC-select:ifyouholddowntheESCkeywhilemakingaselection,aRepeatwillautomaticallybedoneassoonastheselectioniscompleted.Thisisusefulwhenyou'redoingalargenumberofrepeats.UndoHittingSHIFT-ESCundoesthemostrecenteditsequenceandrestorestheselectiontoitspriorstate.Ifyouwanttoundomorethanjustthemostrecentsequence,usetheEditHistorytoolwhichisdescribedlater.CEDAR4.2v$g'w%g'&-g'v)4g'w*g'rG~g'v_/wk_/6_/v|_/w_/v"W_/w"_/v#_/w$f_/%1_/v'w_/w'_/v+R_/w+_/v,_/-u_/w/_//_/v2_/w2_/v4R_/5~_/:N<BcCF=]'[ w)[ [ v:[ w[ v#[ w#[ v$[ %[ w'[ (k[ v*[ w+*[ v.[ w/[ v0^[ 2[ 7*9=i?CAEKG/Yez VvR  !m$ (V/!1D78w;R9?9vB9C&98O?| _Av-w>8O 8Ov"O8Ow"8Ov#8O$N8O(:.9 5{;8O;8O5w5x5v585{5e5>U $(`, / 1269=AZwD5E5vG5HZ5{4-]:#!$&),s.,0 z 0v-#wf-1-vw-w-v-+-!:#)?+/.+#w+w+v+w+v+ $+$&,.~2(wf(1(vw((w (!X(v"(#( ),0234 &w&&v,&w&v&&w#&#&v%l&&j& ,\.15694z "vwkv[Y*|!%~)039>B!D  '9)V0% 7l:8@*ADHe0\Ra5!#&*m036/8>?C 1j"$)n,./I3W6:H<? nFw?v!b!&'p*$-Q1w3v4/v668AF w'>+TVm${;?;- e$2'*-|.159u=!w@;A`;vC;D;{E@;E; 9 Kr!J$%( z 6v 3OwD3O3OvU3Ow3Ov3O 3Ow%' * 0w0T0v]0w0v00 f"(k*[.^ .WwD.W.WvU.W.Wwk.W6.Wv.W.W %(,c.0q +w++v +w+vTIOGAEDITOR13TreestructureeditingAsexplainedintheintroduction,Tiogadocumentsconsistofatreeofnodes.Thefollowingcommandsletyoubreak,join,andnestnodesinthetree.Break:CTRL-RETURNbreaknodeatinsertionpointtocreateanewnode.Join:CTRL-Jjoinnodeatinsertionpointwithpreviousnode.Nest:CTRL-Nmoveselectednodestodeepernestinglevelintree.UnNest:CTRL-SHIFT-Nmoveselectednodestoshallowernestinglevelintree.Break&Nest:CTRL-Isimultaneouslyinsertanewnodeandnestit.Break&UnNest:CTRL-SHIFT-Isimultaneouslyinsertandunnest.CEDAR4.2v$g'w%g'&-g'v)4g'w*g'rG~g'z _,v[ %L))046C7i:(;@C|Z #&*,9.Ww?W WvQWwWvW W#'I(.21379 ;TwMTTv_TwTvTTo "z(*+.4sRowRoTRovRowRovfRoKRo $7(.).c3 6f8OwnO9OvOwOvZOwOv&O! O$)-/5:x=?lMQ^wMQMQv(MQwMQvuMQ ZMQ )-.15 7:J^wJJv JwJv"Jw#bJv$5J&J /t3?5w'>+TVm$thpreviousnode.Nest:CTRL-Nmoveselectednodestodeepernestinglevelintree.UnNest:CTRL-SHIFT-Nmoveselectednodestoshallowernestinglevelintree.Break&Nest:CTRL-Isimultaneouslyinsertanewnodeandnestit.Break&UnNest:CTRL-SHIFT-Isimultaneouslyinsertandunnest.CEDAR4.2v$+g'w%g'TIOGAEDITOR14LooksCharactershavelookswhicharenamedbythelowercaseletters"a"to"z".Looksareinterpretedbythestyletochangetheappearanceofthetext.Forexample,look"e"mightstandfor"emphasis"andmightresultinitalicfaceinonestyleandboldfaceinanother.Eachcharacterhasasetoflooksthusitmayhaveseverallookssimultaneously,buteachlookoccursonlyonce.YoucanusetheEditTooltoreadorchangethesetoflooksforselectedcharacters.Thefollowingkeyboardcommandsarealsoavailablefordealingwithlooks.SelectionLooksYoucanchangetheselectionlookswiththefollowingcommands.(RecallthattheLOOKshiftisthetopblankkeytotherightofBS.)LOOK-chartoaddtoselectionlooks.LOOK-SHIFT-chartoremovefromselectionlooks.LOOK-spacetoremoveallselectionlooks.CaretLooksCaretlooksdeterminethelooksoftyped-intext.Thecaretpicksupthelooksoftheadjacentselectedtextwheneveraselectionismade.Changingtheselectionlooksalsochangesthecaretlooks.However,ifyouwishtochangethelooksofthecaretwithoutchangingtheselectionlooks,left-clickthecharacterkeytwiceinquicksuccession.LOOK-char-chartoaddtocaretlooks.LOOK-SHIFT-char-chartoremovefromcaretlooks.LOOK-space-spacetoremoveallcaretlooks.UsingSelectionsToCopyLooksTocopythelooksofsomeexistingtexttotheprimaryselection,hitCTRL-Q,andthenwiththeCTRLkeystillhelddown,selectthetextwiththelooksyouwanttocopy.Thesourcelooksreplaceanylookstheselectionpreviouslyhad.AutomaticMesaformattingTheCTRL-McommandscanstheselectionforMesakeywords,comments,andprocedurenamesandgivesthemlooksk,c,andnrespectively.(Asaconvenienceduringtypein,theentirecaretnodeisreformattediftheselectionisasinglecharacterorless.)WiththestandardCedarstyle,thekeywordswillthenbedisplayedinsmallcaps,thecommentswillbeitalic,andtheprocedurenameswillbeboldface.Weexpecttoprovidemoreextensivereformattingcapabilitiesinthefuture.CEDAR4.2v$g'w%g'&-g'v)4g'w*g'rG~g'x M_vo[ "E$)+.25:-<>BG; Z E?!$c +-k/36A< ?GAE X^yX^X^vX^X^ x"$%(`* ,/258:S@5C VAX  $(,658^;>BE U;?!#(Z*,.{24I9o @C| Sh$v&+.z PvLu#'{*-73k;n@BC1wELFkLvK)j?!%5w&K'Kv(FK(KwHv)HH`#lwFv)FwFvF}F;"$%+1wCv)CCW &z @Fxv<} x $Q%+_.148T:T<@,AD ;JLY#J$)/2C7;>CF29f!<%(!+-U/27=@E7 "&#' w5|v)5|5|e $(w2v)2w2v2}2 @%)(+w0~v)0~0~ "$'z -* 9mv)]n1!&)+]-3 9w;5)<)v>F)w>)v?)@)CDFt(.wt(.?(.v(.(.6W $F&)j,.25Q8:h>AE&m j! 'z #3[% vwvwhv#o&+.S228?B7No!""%I& .1^2 :M>CGEvj `!'{(*&.459=g?EwHd ")*.2D4;>W@qDOG/AfN#&**q,14: Br w'>+TVm$[;?AD  ;F+<x0 %o+.337:y?B*E 9q H#{%,'*/58=A G/ 7jx w 5xv5x5xC w 2v2w2v2[2o!$n'w 0yv0y0y w g#z -$ x4v )S "$&G(- 3w5)6~)v8)w9>)v:)TIOGAEDITOR15FormatsJustascharactershavelooks,nodeshaveformats.The"format"isthenameofaruleinthestylethattellshowtomodifyvariousparameterswhendisplayingthenode.Forexample,astylefordocumentsmightcontainformatsfortitles,headings,quotations,standardparagraphs,etc.TheEditToolhasfacilitiesforreadingandchangingtheformatofanode,oryoucanusethecommandsdescribedbelow.(Byconvention,thenullformatnameisequivalentto"default".)SettingandinsertingcaretnodeformatCTRL-_willdeletethewordtotheleftofthecaretandmakeittheformatofthecaretnode.Finepoint:Inmostcasesyouwillgivethiscommandimmediatelyaftertypingtheformatname,sothecaretwillnaturallybeinthecorrectplace.However,tohandlecasesinwhichyouselectthenamebeforehittingCTRL-_,thecaretwillautomaticallybeforcedtotherightoftheselectionatthestartofthiscommand.CTRL-SHIFT-_insertstheformatname.Thisgivesyouasimplewaytofindouttheformatofaselectednode.UsingselectionstocopyformatsTocopytheformatofsomeexisitingnodetotheselectionnodes,hitCTRL-F,andthenwiththeCTRLkeystillhelddown,selectthenodewiththeformatyouwanttocopy.CEDAR4.2v$g'w%g'&-g'v)4g'w*g'rG~g'x M_vo[T !%)./ 279b;?A]BEvG/ Y]$5 +K/ 58<?DE%F_ XP#%)/ 6N?BWE1KjN"$'x*d-3c ;9>sBEoJ xa#$&'*A.39;@4CEoHe+ (w$He%PHev'Hew(Hev(He)He, /a2 :nI v:J%"r'+S-/b59Xw;u:<@:v>:w?:v?:@:CMFt9?wn9?99?v9?9?~: ]$&})- /j369;w'>+TVm$S#' -0)446W?eWvBWCjWG U};z RI yO>v1Kp} "%g).125Y;->BFoJH} Q %+-1%6 <>iB} oH> !"'7*h 249{>B[DoFO$(*K,07h;?;@D+oER< e !&^(")b-c025#7?9<)? GRoCP  1A0#& /37;I<BkD+o?0w !"$;&*,i1368=?OBtDo=^n" #(*-F0v17;O>@!CH9o<:P:L!"o', 24>8 :> 8^ ~$(@)-04G 6p{`"$(4 >!%2 &+-c1D10O"6$(-T0!5c7;?BEUo.qXd #%',5-0y36:1<BEKo,c S#&8)|,H03K9]<)?CG/o+"  J"&1(& $-' /J036<>>DGo'I= #(M*#,05O ;=3@C=G/o%Xy0Uz $!([+-/y347';@VEkFo#V #)],04G6:>@C#o"  w" <" v" " w" " v{" x" !&#1Z6#')P.3q6M8=@Co H a!j#'*+.0;47 ;T>R?BDo@8:R dU!:'8)-X047 8<vj!O'M*-5/247;c>Q?C b #!#m'*2.02y3"{$`&g)-y/'4:<C t "$(-/Q5P  t#%+.14^7=A,Bw'>+ ,TVm$tF 1 < h{+ "%(,A.47-;g=AQCEV 0 \ m#Y%)U-g02 9:;>-AC`E .m +>*0W! )C*-058a>lA$C!G *J O>A#'c -.148f:@CaFu ( RY #>'=,13K6 9B@$BF &evm#$'0-36w3&4h&v7E&8&TIOGAEDITOR17MatchEntireNodesOnlymatchingtextmustspanentirenode.4.MatchingtargetlooksSubsetasLooksTestlooksofmatchingtextmustincludetargetlooks.EqualasLooksTestlooksofmatchingtextmustbeidenticaltotargetlooks.SubstituteTodoasubstitution,enterthenewtextinthe"Replacement"field,enterthetexttobereplacedinthe"Target"field,andhit"Substitute"inthemenuatthetopoftheEditTool.TheText/Looks/Format/...optionsguidethesearchintheusualmannerandalsocontrolwhatisreplaced.IfyoupickTextandLooks,thematchingtextwillbereplacedjustasifyouhadselecteditwithpendingdeleteandmadeasourcesecondaryselectionofthereplacementtext.IfyoupickonlytheLooksoption,thematchingtextwillhavethetargetlooksremovedandthereplacementlooksadded.IfyoupickonlyText,thereplacementtextwillhavethelooksofthereplacedtextaddedtoit.(Finepoint:ifthelooksofthereplacedtextarenotuniform,thelooksofthefirstcharacterwillbeusedthroughout.)IfyoupickFormat,thematchingnodewillgettheformatofthereplacementnode.Similarly,pickingStylecausesthematchingnodetogetthestyleofthereplacementnode,andpickingCommentcausesthematchingnodetogetthesamevalueoftheCommentpropertyasthereplacementnode.ThefinalthreeboxesintheSearch&Substitutesectiongiveyoufurthercontroloverthisoperation.1.FirstcharactercapitalizationofthereplacementtextFirstcaplikereplacedifthereplacedtextstartswithacapitalletter,forcethefirstletterofthereplacementtobeacapitaltoo.Don'tchangecapsleavethereplacementcapitalizationalone.2.WhatisdonetothematchingtextDoReplacedotheusualsubstituteorreplace.DoOperationsinsteadofdoingareplace,selectthematchingtextandthendotheoperationscurrentlyinthe"Operations"fieldoftheEditTool.3.WherethesubstitutionswilltakeplaceWithinSelectionOnlysubstituteislimitedtocurrentselection.AfterSelectionOnlysubstituteafterselectiontoendofdocument.InEntireDocumentsubstituteintheentireselecteddocument.Case-by-CaseSubstitutesInadditiontodoingglobalsubstitutes,youcandecideonacase-by-casebasiswhetherornottoreplacethematchingtextbythenewtext.Usethesearchcommandstofindthefirstmatchingtext.Thenifyouhit"Yes",thesystemwilldoa"Replace"followedbyasearchforward.Ifyouhit"No",itwillskipthe"Replace"andsimplydoanothersearch.Thustoselectivelysubstitute,startwithasearch,thendo"Yes"forthecasesyouwanttochangeand"No"fortheothers.The"Replace"commandsimplydoesforthecurrentselectionwhatasubstitutewoulddoforamatch.Finally,the"Count"commandisavailabletotellyouhowmanysubstitutionswouldtakeplacewithoutactuallychangingthedocument.CEDAR4.2v$g'w%g'&-g'v)4g'w*g'rG~g'v_/ 2$')/2596="]A[S%!$&*|,52448S=3AYed!$&o* +14|79?dADyV v1Rk #>%(+{-</ 9i=@CEGoQ  F"%' /1p379<>@`BEoOx< |%O)+d/1537<>AF2oMKV a$'-/2F4%9<)=?ADbI&A!^%&H*168b: BG3 <$\) +i1e46:BiD=F?dU =G<I #;)b,/2C49p;Q= E; #&K,\/136o9;}= E9e#&a,04247:>@C#8Qkx ";15`!$'/4q7r:=>CFo4. 2@ '-(+F 30R -%'(+S037 ::;c?CG/."B#&[ ./127L, H#X%=(+% 2 ;D*bA"N(M(U!:#A%)? /v1:& "'})),.3#69)?ADoG%L6 $*,o. 75:e<>~A#^} $w'#*!p["C%' -/=35:g R!:$& ,057W:;$v&[ ,.@049oE  o $ +.1M579 @DA""$&(+V.P147B;BzD5G/{!j"%',.36`89@FLHeP!&'*A-D/6q9==?D,f,  #w&)+/259G;>ADlG!'*.1 7+ TVm$^EG BV3^L"p& (+J-2r4Q6 >C[ A$A|"Q$&K(+-/ 7;>CC# ?}& M#'t)-+179A; Cb =? -).O1<38=N@hC ; J"$b ,%o9&BtZ #(+Z.2 357;?AhDAG7 b!S"|&o5TIOGAEDITOR18Inordertodoasearchorsubstitute,youwilltypicallyneedtofillintheTargetorReplacementfieldsintheEditTool.Naturally,thischangestheselection,andbeforeyoucandotheoperation,youmustrestoretheselectiontotheplacewhereyouactuallywantittotakeplace.ThesystemhelpsyouwiththisbysavingtheprimaryselectionifitisnotintheEditToolwhenyouleft-clickeithertheTargetortheReplacementbutton.ThecommandsalongthetopoftheEditToolSearch,Substitute,Yes,No,Replace,andCountrestorethesavedselectioniftheprimaryselectionisintheEditToolwhentheyareclicked.Theneteffectisthatifyoustartoutwiththeselectionintherightplace,youcanleft-clicktheTargetorReplacementbuttons,fillintheneededinformation,andthendirectlyclickoneofthecommandswithoutneedingtoreselectsincethesystemwilldoitforyou.PatternsforSearchandSubstituteWhenyouspecifythatthetargetbematchedasapatternratherthanliterally,thefollowingsymbolsinthetargettextareinterpretedspecially.AshortsummaryofthesesymbolsappearsatthebottomoftheSearch&SubstitutesectionoftheEditTool.Characters#Matchanysinglecharacter.*Matchshortestpossiblesequenceofcharacters.**Matchlongestpossiblesequenceofcharacters.'Matchthenextcharacterinthepatternexactly.~Matchanycharacterexceptthenextoneinthepattern.Alphanumericcharacters@Matchanysinglealphanumericcharacter(letterordigit).&Matchshortestpossiblesequenceofalphanumericcharacters.&&Matchlongestpossiblesequenceofalphanumericcharacters.Non-alphanumericcharacters~@Matchanysinglenon-alphanumericcharacter.~&Matchshortestpossiblesequenceofnon-alphanumericcharacters.~&~&Matchlongestpossiblesequenceofnon-alphanumericcharacters.Blankcharacters%Matchanysingleblankcharacter.$Matchshortestpossiblesequenceofblankcharacters.$$Matchlongestpossiblesequenceofblankcharacters.Non-blankcharacters~%Matchanysinglenon-blankcharacter.~$Matchshortestpossiblesequenceofnon-blankcharacters.~$~$Matchlongestpossiblesequenceofnon-blankcharacters.CEDAR4.2v$g'w%g'&-g'v)4g'w*g'rG~g'v_/xmp &)+040579?;w?AH ]L "%}*, 25s9@C [3 "w$(p,/E4^79:=B9EZ9IV "U'~-.i/13w57j:`=A@C Xj %O*-4{8B:='>APD\GV  C (%(-3/C36~:s@CADXUCF{#&)?.14I8(9<=@CFtS~3a!$'! ,/G35 =C:EqG/Q 0 @% (F*,.5:?AHFPMn.yLm v1I4_ "d&2(-/$0948; A1C|oH`K! ( / 04 :;?<DoF`g0I',j.#03oC @@#m >>!'9-!. ;;!&,.v 9#9#@"O(8),F166%j),/)135o3X q 00#m , 167.a.a!'9-!. 7y ++!&,.v 7 o(, &&#m. ##!'9-!.:; !$!$!&,.v9 oe ZZ#m'B !'9-!.2 cc!&,.v2L oc #m* !'9-!.5r   !&,.v5 w'>+fTVm$9U&=' G0G0%TIOGAEDITOR19Miscellaneous|Matchstartorendofnode.{Markstartofresultingselection.}Markendofresultingselection.Markendofnamedsubpattern.Thenamedsubpatternsareofuseinsubstitutesthatreorderorduplicatepartsofthematchingtext.Thefullsyntaxforanamedsubpatternis.Thespecialcaseof"matchanysequenceofcharacters"isprovidedasadefaulti.e.,isequivalentto.Asfarasthematchingisconcerned,theoccurrenceofisthesameasifthesubpatternhadappearedwithoutaname,butithastheside-effectofrememberingthesubsectionitmatched.The"Replacement"fieldcancontain'scorrespondingtonamedsubpatternsinthetarget.Thereplacementtextisconstructedbyreplacingthe'swiththesectionofreplacedtextthatmatchedthesubpattern.Thereplacementisautomaticallyconsideredtobeapatternwheneverthetargetisyoudon'tneedtodoanythingspecialtogetthe'sinthereplacementinterpretedassubpatterns.Forexample,ifthetargetisTarget:WHILE[]DOandthereplacementisReplacement:WHILEISDOthen"WHILEblue[moon]DO"willbeconvertedto"WHILEmoonISblueDO".Looks,Formats,Styles,andPropertiesLooksTheLookscommandsletyoureadandmodifythelooksofthecaretortheselection.Thelooksareshownasaseriesoflettersinthe"Lookscharacters"field.Theboxletsyoupickwhetheryouwantthelooksfortheselectionorthelooksforthecaret.Getfillsthe"Lookscharacters"fieldwiththelettersforthecaret/selectionlooks.Setreadsthe"Lookscharacters"fieldandsetsthelooksofthecaret/selection.Clearremovesalllooksfromthecaret/selection.Addaddsthespecifiedlookstothecaret/selection.Subremovesthespecifiedlooksfromthecaret/selection.FormatsTheFormatcommandsletyoureadandmodifytheformatfortherootnodeortheselectednodes.Theboxattherightletsyoupickthecaseyouwant.Getfillsthe"Formatname"field.Setreadsthe"Formatname"fieldandsetsthenode'sformat.Clearremovesthenode'sformatname.Thisisthesameasspecifying"default"format.StylesCEDAR4.2v$g'w%g'&-g'v)4g'w*g'rG~g'vo_/ \\!$l&%Z7Z7O_!& WWO &e U@U@O_!% RRO %F 1PH= !$ %(* 1q4s9;~AEBG/oNa$"\$%*# 02F?fB2FoL) E 'c(.0R1}6'8 :?A1 GoKRC%'1 .@0 79EG/oIZ !"&+,03B4x69 ?A oH 8 # -038> GoF\ *#&{ .-020 9u;aACCoD{Y y#"%+c- 5B8 ?A oC _H &Q(,.0 26m9;=CZGoAf" % ,. 1>m"O4?4v@_4A4z 13g y.\v1+ !$'*K.1S468<<=@K Fo)e$ "&(+/ 7,;g>WA%CFo't0 # %k+,/3257n1% '+.0}4692Ba1#us!F (c+.K03K68;1!7'"&,(1 K0l"&%'*31 \$x(+|-yv1v "f%(*/@158:K=@uBDboBi!#&R)V+.1[1!}%1us" &}),e/1e51 _#(,/03I68X >Dy w'>+tTVm$v"r$ & .B 5U7 JY* HwHHvHxH weHKHv Ee  C wnCCvCeCwtCCvCCw#CTIOGAEDITOR20Astyleisacollectionofinterpretationsforlooksandformats.TheStylecommandsletyoureadandmodifythenameofthestylefortherootnodeortheselectednodes.Thenewstyleappliestothespecifiednodeandallthenodeswithinitssub-branchesthatdonotthemselveshaveexplicitstyles.Getfillsthe"Stylename"field.Setreadsthe"Stylename"fieldandsetsthenode'sstyle.Clearremovesanystylespecificationfromthenode.LoadStyleDefinitionreadsthe"Stylename"fieldandreloadsthestyledefinitionfromthatfilewithextension"Style".(Don'tputtheextensioninthefieldjustputthestylenameandletthesystemaddtheextension.)Dothisoperationafteryouhaveedited(andsaved)thestyledefinitionandwanttoloadthenewversion.LoadAbbreviationsreadsthe"Stylename"fieldandreloadstheabbreviationdefinitionsfromthatfilewithextension"Abbreviations".Dothisafteryouhaveeditedtheabbreviationsandwanttoloadthenewversion.PropertiesAnodecanhaveanarbitrarysetof"properties".Eachpropertyconsistsofanameandavalue.Certainpropertiesareusedbythesystem,butyou(andyourprograms)arefreetoaddothers.The"Propertyname"fieldspecifiesthenameofaproperty.(Incidentally,casedistinctionsdomatterinpropertynames"foo"isadifferentpropertythan"Foo".)The"Propertyvalue"fieldspecifiesavalue.Theboxletsyoupickwhetheryouaretalkingaboutpropertiesoftherootnodeortheselectednodes.Getfillsthe"Propertyvalue"fieldwiththecurrentvalueofthenamedproperty.Setreadsthe"Propertyvalue"fieldandsetsthepropertyvalue.Removeremovesthenamedpropertyfromthenode.Listfillsthe"Propertyname"fieldwiththenamesofthenode'sproperties.Inadditiontosettingandreadingproperties,thereisamechanismthatletsyoufindnodeswithacertainpropertyvalue.Forexample,ifyouhaveannotatedadocumentwithcommentsunderthepropertyname"MyOpinion",andyouwanttofindnodesinwhichyourcommentincludedtheword"good",enterthenameinthe"Propertyname"fieldandthetextinthe"Valuepattern"field.Thenusethe"Find"commandtosearchforwardorbackwardsfromthecaretnodeforanodewithavalueofthepropertythatmatchesthepattern.(Left-clicktosearchforward,right-clicktosearchbackwards.)Valuepatternscanusethestandardsetofspecialcharactersforsearches.Ifamatchisfound,thenodeisselectedandthepropertyvalueisdisplayed.CommentPropertyAllnodeshavea"Comment"propertywhichiseither"TRUE"or"FALSE".IfitsvalueisTRUE,thetextofthenodeisnotseenbyprogramssuchasthecompilerthatareonlyinterestedinthebasictextcontents.Thismakesitpossibletointermixdocumentationandprogramtextwithoutrequiringspecialescapecharacterstomarkthestartandendofcomments.YoucansettheCommentpropertybyusingtheEditToolorwiththefollowingcommands.CTRL-\setcommentpropertyofallselectednodestoTRUECTRL-SHIFT-\setcommentpropertyofallselectednodestoFALSEIfyouareworriedaboutnotknowingataglancewhatisacommentnodeandwhatisnot,findaStyleRuleinthestylethatappliestoalltheformatsyouareinterestedin(e.g.,"standard"inCedar.style),andinsertthelineCEDAR4.2v$g'w%g'&-g'v)4g'w*g'rG~g'v1_/ -!+9-1C4:= @Go]-O9#$''*_,/ 25z7E9>CFo[|"&>)?+y."2c69 ADGoZ9 _z1XK $v1V]us %(7*-/4>1To7# *.S01R $m&+/x25p:5<? F(SP:%&+/24:<? BVDTGSO2"$&+.J0 8A:=ZCFSM %='* 137,8;>IA71K#e%).$1C38: B SIM"(469N<?}BG/SHN !}$&)+.yD v1A,$&(] 1 4}:?@AEHeo@  G!$&)$-0r3%6R9@BcE,Fo>b1;:"(*k./07* ?tBQ o:?- "D$X([)+M1!6:>@3C9o8"F%$'*g-$0.58?:?0C o6(v #815"9&),/=479i;@O13us"'#*T- /2 711&!P%+q.181/8"8&),/S35P7; 1,XU"& -1,23:=@ BEo+,">$*, .28^9?Co)ni (+l.213\6Z:a<@;Co'3W $G&*,n.5_9=;@BEcG/o& 1!$E&+238/=u?TF(o$x- }"#'m)'+1#39@;A< Go"q !&B .28:=X?EGo!* Cw"$%9)S*/1e46/;R=@UEo y36v1$*d.u/3w45=v78:w;_<v>?ABDvH#wo=v=h=` Z!#&(v.z13:5;6=@9CC o#'T(-/5% >AGFo&# *+/q157:/k3bw5Y5Y1kvBkwkvkk$*p,).3F7=w8k9ko 6 "#$(S+,<-52479;=H?@F,Go ;L "$ )+(- 3n4 ;=I@RB8'>+ TVm$D"F%'z*|.0J4l7=CF 6(22#(+Z."03[57 D@Ho[ wx"B (0),14J6v ;<%>@C}z Xy yU)v1Q7!!!$&_+-/47s;B7EvoP2a G#T':<;@HD@G;oN5 ?"&)+0425-8=B?C oL iQ#&),|.147:cBEFoAO 8a&)Y/6[9:= DG/o? |0"(<*-%/05|9=?@Eao>. '),) 27?<@C_FHeoAC@o3@4~$' .916-9U>C[o1 $m$&+13 :>=@sBo/aF &^)+-h/49=dA<Co.J@0^w.J `.Jv".J# .J%c&) ,/2X8N;>sAFo,_D#'N-K/16y9$;>y)SY 7*v1&2k"$#&+-/I0368:F>F@EUo$\ / \#y&' 0279Eo"AM"u%'*@.|039;~=AC>D_Fo!  |l!c%x(+ -79;@QAFof # %V(-12R67<?B&CFoH(:F $&)K,/169<>AvC o B!$B&)-03N57<A+BELGopvO!&b(+0J25 8< CjG/o0 $'#,/34u8 921M <#5$(-p 4157;>%?CGo*;r![ *L.1G409v=@Dyo %S(1*U/2 :<?BDoWd " +,p14&6z:O<>[B;Go\`i #x'*c,.30758@RDFo  u" )H,*. 5779>FBFo aOw'>+ TVm$:TIOGAEDITOR22OperationsviatheUserExecYoucaninvokeasetofoperationsfromtheUserExecaswellasdirectlyfromtheEditTool.WhenyourunTiogaExecCommands,oneofthecommandsitregistersisDoTiogaOpswhichexpectsacommandlinecontainingoperationsinthesameformatasintheoperationsfield.OnepossibleapplicationofthisistocreateacommandfilethatinitializesvariousEditToolswitchestoyourfavoritesettings.Forexample,youcouldusethefollowingtosetupsomeofthesearchparameters:DoTiogaOpsIgnoreCaseMatchWordsMatchPattern.EditCommandsThissectionoftheEditToolcontainsbuttonsforallthebasiceditcommands.Theseareusefulifyoucan'trememberwhatkeystohitforaninfrequentcommandorifyou'vesetyourusercategorytobeginnerorintermediatetofilteroutcertaincommands.Manyofthebuttonscorrespondtocommandsthathavebeendocumentedabove.However,afewofthemareprimarilyofuseinconstructingeditmacrosandhavenotbeenmentionedbefore.Forcompleteness,allthebuttonswillbegivenabriefdescription.ModifyingselectionsCaretBeforemovecarettofrontofselectionCaretAftermovecarettoendofselectionCaretOnlyreduceselectiontoacaretGrowselectiongrowsinhierarchyofpoint,character,word,node,branchDocumentselectentiredocumentPendingDeletemakeprimaryselectionpendingdeleteNotPendingDeletemakeprimaryselectionnotpendingdeleteMakeSecondarymaketheprimaryselectionbecomethesecondaryselectionMakePrimarymakethesecondaryselectionbecometheprimaryselectionCancelSecondaryremovethesecondaryselectionCancelPrimaryremovetheprimaryselectionCopy,Move,andTranslateToPrimarycopy/movesecondarytoprimaryToSecondarycopy/moveprimarytosecondaryTransposetransposetheprimaryandthesecondaryMovingthecaretGoToNextCharmakeprimarycaretonlyandmoveonecharactertowardendofdocumentoronetowardstartifyouright-clickinsteadofleft-clickingGoToNextWordlikeGoToNextChar,butmovetowardendby"words"oronetowardstartifyouright-clickinsteadofleft-clickingGoToNextNodemovecaretonenodetowardendoronetowardstartifyouright-clickinsteadofleft-clickingSavingandRestoringtheselectionSaveSel-AsaveprimaryselectiontorestorelaterRestoreSel-ArestoretheselectionpreviouslysavedbySaveSel-ASaveSel-BsaveprimaryselectiontorestorelaterCEDAR4.2v$g'w%g'&-g'v)4g'w*g'rG~g'y_, kv1[Px! (h+.Q15 69;@DFoZ5K+0-/2'9:?Av oX{ 0" ) 02P48V<>@lB oV #$'u(*./6O8; AFoU?W%"(+z1k4A8-:=@CrE@G}oST " * 2 :[ yPI v1LL! $Q).025=8;uC8G;oKR!k$')~+-/ 6j<>?D=FToId8 (*-0^4<@B>DoH "&+) 17=j>ACG;oF\ $',/3l649AFoD $s!i$&)*.5 oAe3 ?w =" $>%)_+= kQ #m%');?$ &F')9}b"$*,x0p 6:>\7W<#5 "o'-K23#!$)/2 7e1 #5%*0q57>R0 /!$'*095O7<.M 2%'{-,) #& +Do(|w&uZ#*+$ %*<+#"$v),d.o #)-,03 79@ DG*!"'-*=+.U 49;C ; "0 ,Q.2^69;a@B`D$ %^*+  #&&i(,T03t57<2?(@oC g oA)$I)+0# "Y$*] 146 $()+|0w'>+@TVm$s...]extendtomatchingsquarebrackets"..."extendtomatchingdoublequotes`...'extendtomatchingsinglequotes-...-extendtomatchingdashesCEDAR4.2v$+g'w%g'%|g'v(g'w)lg'rG~g'v _/h"TIOGAEDITOR23RestoreSel-BrestoretheselectionpreviouslysavedbySaveSel-BExtendtheselectiontomatchingbrackets(...)extendprimaryselectiontomatchingparens<...>extendtomatchinganglebrackets{...}extendtomatchingcurlybrackets[...]extendtomatchingsquarebrackets"..."extendtomatchingdoublequotes`...'extendtomatchingsinglequotes-...-extendtomatchingdashes...extendtomatchingplaceholderbracketsFindplaceholdersNext...moveprimaryselectiontonextplaceholderPrev...movetopreviousplaceholderDeleteandPasteDeletedeletetheprimaryselectionPasteinsertsavedtextatcaretSaveForPastesavetextforlaterpasting;overwritestextsavedbyDeleteRepeatandUndoRepeatrepeatthelastcommandsequenceUndoundothelastcommandsequenceDeletingcharacter/wordnexttocaretBackSpacedeletethecharactertotheleftofthecaretBackWorddeletethewordtotheleftofthecaretDeleteNextChardeletethecharactertotherightofthecaretDeleteNextWorddeletethewordtotherightofthecaretInsertingmatchingbracketsaroundtheselectionAdd()insertparensaroundtheselectionAdd<>insertanglebracketsAdd{}insertcurlybracketsAdd[]insertsquarebracketsAdd""insertdoublequotesAdd`'insertsinglequotesAdd--insertdashesAddinsertplaceholderbracketsCapitalizationAllCapsmaketheselectionuppercaseAllLowermaketheselectionlowercaseInitialCapsmakethewordsintheselectionstartwithcapsFirstCapmaketheselectionstartwithacapCEDAR4.2v$g'w%g'&-g'v)4g'w*g'rG~g'v_/ "8$*= 046o[-2#Yp!'L(.X}b$(4V}b$( T&C#(VR8}b$)(PJ.#'N[p${LmvlLmLm{rLmvLm1$ ,HoI G/{yG/vSG/{YG/vG/\$*8+. EA{=EAvEA{EAv|EAa  &^ oA@ I%>%  #X$<'  #%).I 47;c=_o8"6E*Y #8)4}cV!(7o1 !#e/mR _"(*V,/*03C-`E S"&;'*I,.w0+ #&,-03g5 7) F +$8&* +..1395o&53 %U'$%#"8&)V"\vA! \vA!" \vA" !|%#0{(0v{0v0 %o l &q*tH!'M+ r &"&(@*0E3U6p (B'!;&)- .4w'>+QTVm$nsertcurlybracketsAdd[]insertsquarebracketsAdd""insertdoublequotesAdd`'insertsinglequotesAdd--insertdashesAddinsertplaceholderbracketsCapitalizationAllCapsmaketheselectionuppercaseAllLowermaketheselectionlowercaseInitialCapsmakethewordsintheselectionstartwithcapsFirstCapmaketheselectionstartwithacapSpecialcharTIOGAEDITOR24SpecialcharactersMakeOctalCharacterconvertthe3digitsbeforethecarettothecorrespondingcharacterMakeControlCharacterconvertthecharacterbeforethecarettoacontrolcharacterUnMakeOctalCharacterconvertthecharacterbeforethecaretto3digitrepresentingitscharactercodeUnMakeControlCharacterconvertthecontrolcharacterbeforethecarettoanormalcharacterTreestructurecommandsBreakbreaknodeatcaretJoinjoincaretnodetoonebeforeitNestmoveselectiondeeperintreeUnNestmoveselectionhigherintreeMiscellaneouscommandsCommentNodesetCommentpropertyofallselectednodestoTRUENotCommentNodesetCommentpropertyofallselectednodestoFALSEExpandAbbreviationexpandtheabbreviationtotheleftofthecaretMesaFormattingaddMesalooks,formats,andstyletoselectionCommand0123456789dosavedcommandmacroWritingEditMacrosAfewexamplesshouldgetyoustartedwritingyourowneditmacros.First,assumeyoufindyourselfdoingalotofeditsoftheformbecomes[]forvariousvaluesofand.Youmightlikeasinglecommandtoinsertthebracketsandmovethecarettotheplacewhereyouwillinsertthe.Toconstructsuchacommand,firstselectaparticular,hittheAdd[]buttonintheEditTool,theCaretBeforebutton,andtheGoToNextCharbuttonusingtherightmousebutton.ThenhitGetLasttofilltheOperationsfield,enter"1"inthe"Command[0..9]"field,andhitSetComtosavethemacrodefinition.Nowyoucanselect,hitCTRL-1,andbereadytoinsertbeforetheleftbracket.AmacrotodeletematchingparentheseswillshowtheuseoftheSaveSelandRestoreSelcommands.Makeaselectionanywhereinsideapairofmatchingparens.Givethefollowingsequenceofcommands:(...)toextendtheselection,CaretAftertopositionthecaretattheright,SaveSel-Asowecanrestoretheselectionlater,BackSpacetodeletetherightparen,RestoreSel-Atogettheselectionback,CaretBeforetomovethecarettothefront,andfinallyDeleteNextChartodeletetheleftparen.NowyoucanhitGetLastandSetComtosavethismacro.OtheroperationsontheEditToolcanalsobeprogrammedusingeditmacros.Forexample,assumeyouwantamacrotosubstitute"which"for"that".Thefollowingsetofcommandswillloadthetargetandreplacementfieldsanddothesubstitute:right-clicktoselectandclearthetargetfield,type"that"asthetargettext,right-clicktoselectandclearthereplacementfield,type"which"asthereplacementtext,andfinallyhittheSubstitutebutton.Thismacrowillonlychangethetargetandreplacementfields.Theotherparametersofthesubstitutearenotchangedandthusbehavelike"freevariables"ofthemacro.Ifyouwanttobindmoreofthechoices,suchasMatchCaseorIgnoreCase,yousimplyincludethosecommandsaspartofthemacro.Forexample,youcouldselectIgnoreCasejustbeforerestoringtheselection,andthemacrowouldalwayssettheignorecaseflagwhenitwasexecuted.Notethatyoumusthitthe"Target"and"Replacement"buttonstoenterthetargetandreplacementtext.DirectlyselectinginthosefieldswouldnotproduceacorrectmacrobecauseitwouldterminatetheeditCEDAR4.2v$g'w%g'&-g'v)4g'w*g'rG~g'vo_/- ]A 7!&()-1378: C[S!#(*0517:<=BxYe"J$4)$+1w580;=G>A WwU#%*- 17<>}ACDT(oPgNmC "NL{G"#&q*Ku"&(OI"[$(O)oE OC G-!I'-P/ 06%:w;CA>Av@  t"Y'-) 1{3*579<> "&/*%/|245d7<-U( ]!"#%/&d(I*P.4|y8v15{!#i&/*/{258>TBFo3Ug B#%2'*/q5>l@Eao2A. !%'(,3W5 8;B@CjG/o0!V$'*8/17;<5BEo.  P $j%p*+.J1m5)7 ?qDZG/o-K [!#'Q+146<5=@B o+_%%))L,/17L9B o) w")#)v%)&c)'*,0c25:+<?1'# +^.1468`:?B o%F2f"(V,c-0{2?8I=AC|o$2E9 "A&( . 57HBCEo" \"(+z24379=A3 o 7  &)'+g-0248;'?S o<+"$'_)|.1u68f;j> 1 } #&)3+- 59@;A2CoJ! ( -/58>@Bos0w1 %),i.s0 7 >?CF=o!!"%r)v, 3L58;?KA o$T '*-m136P <B;Eao}>O 5" */R2/5 <>A G;o[ !$( .w042790;?L@D?Go.#=$)U,/4 8i@ Fo " "':*&,014;>AYD Gro 8 $|)+i/158} @dDAo F"$)+/38:%>NDrFw'>+ TVm$v I$(+.1W6:2>AzDM G }-!'C027;=hAD FI  $&,G.258w:$<@D-F D )!"D)+/0 7#<>=@D,E BTIOGAEDITOR25sequenceandwouldalsofailtoidentifywhichfieldwasbeingfilledin.WhenyousaveaneditmacrounderaCTRL-numberkey,itonlystaysaroundfortherestofthesession.Ifyouwanttosaveonefortomorrow,youcanofcoursecopytheoperationstoafileandredefineitanothertime.Butifyoureallywanttomakeamacroapermanentpartofyouruserinterface,youcanaddittoyour"TIPtable"whichdescribesthetranslationfromkeyboardandmouseactionsintoexecutabletokenssuchasthoseineditmacros.Thedetailsofhowtodothisaregiveninalatersection.CEDAR4.2v$g'w%g'&-g'v)4g'w*g'rG~g'vo_/W= !s#!(7,E/v2!591\K  $(w*\*\v-0\-\257:;=BMDFoZ7: "%(*14S68=@sB oYN5v?#'*,..26Q8;=#AhBoWZ]] b# %(r)+.2@6`:u@dB oV e%( .3m68@FoTXx|*1!&$&'*w'>+TVm$ OH I"'*,s035:=@MD %0 y+5"G$*-1X59<?C # H BR|$ &"(~,/2\67`: @D F ! t0  $)+/5158 @oDA :{Z|$3%Q)-34[8}>@C   $ &*. #w%<&v(TIOGAEDITOR26TheEditHistoryToolTheEditHistorytoolletsyouundoeditsinthesamewaythatUndodoes,butitletsyougobackfartherinhistorythanjustthemostrecentsequence.TocreateanEditHistorytool,type"EditHistory"totheExec.Atthetopofthetoolaretwofieldsandfourcommands.Thebottompartofthetoolisatextfieldtoholddescriptionsofpreviouseditevents.Thesystemkeepsahistoryofacertainnumberofthemostrecenteditevents.Youcanfindouthowlargethishistoryisbythe"Get"commandwhichwillenteranumberinthe"historysize"field.The"Set"commandwillchangethehistorysizetowhatevervalueyou'veenteredinthesizefield.Thedefaultsizeis20;youcanchangethisbymakinganentryinyourUser.Profileoftheform"EditHistory:".The"Show"commandwilldisplaytheeventsstartingwiththenumberinthe"sinceeventnumber"field.Ifthatfieldisemptyitwillshowasmanyasarestillremembered.Theformatoftheentriesis,TAB,andthenalistofoperations.The"Undo"commandundoestheeditssincethespecifiedeventnumber.CEDAR4.2v$g'w%g'&-g'v)4g'w*g'rG~g'x M^HGvo[SbX0"~&)o+)-136:>d@BQDG Y=!F#'C+248; >.C9F X? }/"4$&j(+-04^7:!AD VJw  # +j-#25toT Q "F#y( -@/1k48;@D F Rcn"2&K,03E67=>@F3 P< >$';+.m059=BDF O<)!$)H+.358:h= EeG/ Mm oJqS!(&(,25K7=+?AE I9 l#$'+#,02@47. @C^G G!$wG Gv" G"G%)*@,.^ 68>\D E T&!w'>+TVm$8A!(L,h/ 239':=OBF P xw r$')J/!27#<=@TIOGAEDITOR27PrintingandtheTypeSetterToolInthegloriousfuture,Tiogawillhaveaninteractivetypesetterthatwillletyoumakeincrementalrevisionstoatypesetdocumenttoadjustpagination,pagelayout,andotherdetailsbeforeactuallyprintingit.MichaelPlassandIhavestartedworkonthis,butuntilit'savailable,thecurrenttypesetterwilldoamorethanadequatejoboflettingyouprintyourfiles.DocumentationfortheTSettertoolmaybefoundin[Indigo]Documentation>TSetterDoc.Tioga.CEDAR4.2v$g'w%g'&-g'v)4g'w*g'rG~g'x M^ .vo[^ #'&N( . 47|:;>{B Yg T "8&P -w05Y8;@Dx X9%B "%*4-0!3P69; B1D V Lo%I')e-0Z36;: DG/ TZ^N\ .w'>+TVm$s.DocumentationfortheTSettertoolmaybefoundin[Indigo]Documentation>TSetterDoc.Tioga.CEDAR4.2v$+g'w%g'%|g'v(g'w)lg'rG~g'x ^STIOGAEDITOR28TIPTablesforTiogaTheacronym"TIP"standsfor"terminalinterfacepackage".TIPtablesdescribethetranslationfromkeyboardandmouseactionsintoexecutabletokens.ThestandardTIPtableforTiogaisfoundinthefile"Tioga.TIP"andcontainsallthegorydetailsaboutthingssuchasmulti-clicksofmousebuttonswithvariouscombinationsofshiftkeys.It'sunlikelythatyouwanttotrychanginganythinginTioga.TIP,butyoucanconsideraddingcommandstoyourownTIPtableforthingssuchasyourfavoritesetofeditmacros.YourTIPtablecanbe"layered"ontopoftheTiogatablesothatthesystemwilltrytointerpretactionsaccordingtoyourtablebeforelookingatthestandardone.TheUser.Profilecontainsanentrynamed"TiogaTIP"inwhichyoucanenterthefilenameofyourTIPtabletobelayeredoverthestandardTiogatable.TheentryshouldlooklikesomethinglikethisTiogaTIP:MyOwn.tipDefaultwhere"MyOwn.tip"isthefilenameforyourtable.Noticethatyourtablegoesfirstinthelist;definitionsintablesoccurringearlyinthelisttakeprecedenceoverthosethatappearlater.Thespecialname"Default"referstoTioga'sdefaultTIPtableandwilltypicallybethelastentryinthelist.Thefile"MyOwn.tip"containsasampletablethatyoucanedittoproduceyourown.ItalsocontainsdocumentationaboutthesyntaxofTIPtablesandthemacropackagewhichisusedwiththem.UsetheExeccommandReadTiogaTipTablestoreloadaTIPtableafteryou'vechangedit,or,ifyourusercategoryisadvanced,hitCTRL-!toreloadtheTiogaprofileinformation.CEDAR4.2v$g'w%g'&-g'v)4g'w*g'rG~g'x M^vo[9 "1(L-47G;%@zB Y!f$* */284:>5@^D*E XDb8 #=%3'*/37#:[< CuE5 VR !#Z&c*6,x14p7:`;>C TO ."&-x/2I5@7;Q=ADFT SNh!$b'*a,X2478;>?#BD[G/ Q'E!()-0i49;==C4F O E# +,03m59s;>.ACF NX#'|+.2,69`BF E'C %}*#,0H25;)=?tAEG/ DOoAL s"$ (,$.14C7 8>A\EFF @ !&C( *.148D=AC*Ft >vo;@h+Y- 1G2u5:8;@NEGs :EJC(!w#:E$}:Ev&:E'<:E(:).!04a8 w'>+RTVm$z258?B=E E  M"%)+.458W:>j@Bx ChL . "&*-0g3 67=v@EF AK #$$'+|./049=?aBE ?5) */)0m3J6:$>D.EH. = '!rw= Z=v"=#TIOGAEDITOR29StylesAstyleisacollectionofinterpretationsforlooksandformats.TheinterpretationsarerepresentedasprocedureswritteninasimplelanguagethatusestheJaMinterpreter.Theproceduressetvariousformattingparameterssuchasfontsizeandlinespacing.Note:Ifadocumentdoesn'tspecifyastyle,thesystemwilluseadefault.YoucansaywhatthedefaultwillbebyaddinguserprofileentriesforDefaultStyleorExtensionStyles(describedbelow).Todeterminetheformattingparametersforaparticularnode,thesystemfirstgetstheparametersforitsparentandthenexecutestheappropriateformattingprocedurefromthestyle.Ifthenodedoesn'thaveanexplicitformat,oriftheformatithasisnotdefinedinthestyle,thesystemwillexecutethedefaultformattingprocedureinstead.Forrootnodes,thedefaultistherulenamed"root";forothernodes,itistherulenamed"default".Formattingparametersforthetextwithinanodearedeterminedinasimilarmanner.Thesystemfirstgetstheparametersforthenodeandthenexecutestheformattingproceduresforthelooksofthetext.Forlook"a",itexecutestherulenamed"look.a",forlook"b",therulenamed"look.b",etc.PropertiesrelatedtostylesPrefixandPostfixpropertiesThevaluesofthesepropertiesarecommandsequencesthatmightbepartofaformattingprocedure.ThePrefixcommandsareexecutedjustbeforethestandardformattingprocedureforthenode,andthePostfixcommandsareexecutedjustafterit.Thismakesitpossibletomodifythevaluesoftheformattingparametersthataretheinputandoutputoftheformat.Youmaywanttousethistomakelocalformattingchanges,suchasmodifyingtabstopsforaparticulartable.However,don'tabusethisfacility.Ifyoufindyouaremakingmanylocalchanges,youshouldprobablymodifythestyleinstead.StyleDefpropertyIntypicaluse,astylelivesinitsownfileandisreferredtobythevariousdocumentsthatuseit.However,insomecasesyoumayhaveastylethatisonlyusedinonedocument,andyou'dliketoincludeitaspartofthedocumenttoavoidthetroubleofmaintainingthestyleasaseparatefile.YoucandothisbyusingtheStyleDefproperty.Thevalueofthispropertyisastyledefinition.ThestyleisautomaticallysavedandloadedaspartofthefileandappliestothenodeanditschildrenjustasifyouhadsetthenodestyleintheusualmannerwiththeEditTool.[Note:IfyouuseaStyleDefanditdoesn'tseemtodoanything,doaClearofthestylenameusingtheEditTool.]StyledefinitionsAstyledefinitionbeginswiththecommand"BeginStyle"andendswith"EndStyle".Betweenthesecomeanynumberofcommandsanddefinitions.ThestyleisparsedandinterpretedusingJaM,soyouwillwanttoreadtheJaMdocumentationifyou'regoingtospendmuchtimewritingstyles.AttachedstylesYoumaywanttodefineanewstylethatisonlyslightlydifferentthananexistingone.CEDAR4.2v$g'w%g'&-g'v)4g'w*g'rG~g'x M^vo[ (&(,:.4Q7?B% YH ;u &)I,/.{1 9; BD XW r xX"F$'*_woV#!"%'+8-k/r0q47~9;>M@DDFAGoTx\ $&- 3KvoRFr ')* 04`6:=@NB PC ? #8 * 1z8 ;=BCF N "#&o*,h.0q289 ?BE KvRc #(! oI.   J"%* +V.1` 8:;@F G=) ~ "%](+.4w6 = DG/ ERw ".'*,17V9<?B*E D8z @ Dy=2 v1:J ? %'^-447;<?AB o8 $'F-/4 6<9 C o67["(+f1837A9<ABGo5TIc &D -g0R25?9;@jB@Do3!l%$(m /5479@?BF$Heo2 ? $B(@*0295 8:=\BaFIo0^'!&),Ey-v1)n:b"$a&:)<+.Z/568; ?Fo(7w/#K& ),m-035,8Q;=Q@Fo&q>bX"5#&?,.L24]9: B_DGo$8G #|%x)"+137:>-?BH#o#"  "< *.n1 57>:;>)@C>Go!{uF:"r$:%(+W-0368;>CG/ow1 3"T#Z')+$,133685:<?BgDA z P6 v@T "$+< 3[59< DYH%(| 0-3 6<7<> Et*rc p"% /(0|48d:=AD yv1 l]~"#c&n),.11i6O<?VAdFw'>+ TVm$y,- 5Z7:<=C2F ( @Fe %(,D.06Y79NCFqH. $ [wJz("''1*L,z !| t v -+L !#'u /2H5t8TIOGAEDITOR30Oneapproachwouldbetocopytheexistingstyleandeditittomakethechanges.However,itmaybepreferabletotrackwhatevermodificationstotheotherstylethatmayhappeninthefuture.Thiscanbedoneby"attaching"theoldstyletothenewone.Forexample,ifyournewstyleincludesacommandoftheform(Cedar)AttachStylethenthenewstylewillautomaticallyincludeeverythingfromthecurrentversionofCedarstyle.Thus,ifaformatisnotdefinedinthenewstyle,itwillbetakenfromCedarstyleinstead.ScreenRules,PrintRules,andStyleRulesThebasicformforaruledefinitioninastyleis(name)"commentstring"{commands}StyleRuleInmanycasesitwillbedesirableforaruledefinitiontobedifferentdependingonwhethertheoutputisforprintingorfordisplay.Tosimplifythis,youmaydefineaformatbothasaScreenRuleandasaPrintRule.TheScreenRuledefinitionwillbeusedfordisplay,whilethePrintRulewillbeusedforprinting.IfthereisonlyaStyleRuledefinition,itwillbeusedforbothprintinganddisplay.FormattingParametersThissectionlistssomeoftheformattingparameterscurrentlysupported.Typically,thenameoftheparameterisacommanddefinedinJaMthatpopsanitemfromthestackandmakesitthenewparametervalue.Howeveriftheitemonthetopofthestackistheword"the",thecommandspushthecurrentparametervaluesoprocedurescanreadparametersaswellaswritethem.Fornumericparameters,thefollowingmechanismsareprovidedtosimplifymakingincrementalchangestothecurrentparametervalue:biggeraddstheamounttothecurrentparametervaluesmallersubstractstheamountfromtheparametervaluepercentmultipliestheparametervaluebythespecifiedpercentagei.e.,value_(amount/100)*valuepercentbiggerincreasesvaluebyspecifiedpercentagepercentsmallerdecreasesvaluebyspecifiedpercentageFontParametersfamilythenameofcurrentfontfamily,suchas"TimesRoman"sizevalueisthefontsizeinpointsfaceoneofregular,bold,italic,orbold+italicYoucanalsoaddorremoveitalicorboldbymeansofthefollowingcommands:+boldface,-boldface,+italicface,or-italicfaceunderliningoneofall,visible,letters+digits,ornonestrikeoutoneofall,visible,letters+digits,ornoneCEDAR4.2v$g'w%g'&-g'v)4g'w*g'rG~g'vo_/| k#&-+A.z1:45d7:=@CZo] M!r'P /137:=@EG/o[WX! )B+.-1n3-58CEwoSR`v4!&(*d->0146g:=eAiDyPK  . v1L | J"" (m*+E.uJD#$+,1H= &j(),h 2466;BPDAoF\T]!*#q)+D036^9l=>CgFHeoD >o #& - 4068<>bCtG/oCun&$'+?,/17Y >?bBDGRoAfy>  v1:l)  "% + 3&9$ @ G/o9 K :!',.l147:=I@CHFo7y-!C%+-d/3567::< >B CFo5  r"'.S23 :=@ Go4*IM"#r *-3 :<BDBo2X !"%)0^0(0+M-24f6;B-(- .R059$;B+(+ /12P9=@C)h ('*.O/%E(%E-13|98 "(".139{ oz (+039=CzGW (+-&/2t5 6_(_*,v15 8: Y !&*+/1 5N79g?ySh !%),.2 (*,v.3e+ p( p*,v.3e+w'>+TVm$8>B\D Aho p" )+@../3[7:m? G/ ?% { s"H', 4p9;>C  > ;!-;$i&+-/4;- 9"!-9" 'n).2@4;" 6!-6 ')0p468uTIOGAEDITOR31IndentParametersleftIndentleftindentforstartoflinesrightIndentrightindentforendoflinesfirstIndentaddedtoleftIndentforfirstlineofparagraphrestIndentaddedtoleftIndentforremaininglinesofparagraphtopIndentdistancefromtopofviewer/columntofirstbaselineLeadingParametersLeadingparametersarestoredastriplesofwhich,followingKnuth,werefertoas"glue".Youcansettheseparatecomponentsindividually,oryoucanpushthreevaluesonthestackanduseoneoftheleadinggluecommandstosetthemallatonce.Therearethreekindsofleadingcorrespondingtothespacesbetweenlinesinanode,thespaceaboveanode,andthespacebelowit.Theactualspacebetweenanodeisthemaximumofthe"below"leadingofthefirstnodeandthe"above"leadingofthesecond.leadingdistancebetweenbaselineswithinanodeleadingStretchhowmuchleadingcanincreaseleadingShrinkhowmuchleadingcandecreaseleadingGluesize,stretch,andshrinkforleadingtopLeadingdistancebetweenbaselinesaboveanodetopLeadingStretchhowmuchtopleadingcanincreasetopLeadingShrinkhowmuchtopleadingcandecreasetopLeadingGluesize,stretch,andshrinkfortopleadingbottomLeadingdistancebetweenbaselinesbelowanodebottomLeadingStretchhowmuchbottomleadingcanincreasebottomLeadingShrinkhowmuchbottomleadingcandecreasebottomLeadingGluesize,stretch,andshrinkforbottomleadingLayoutParameterslineFormattingFlushLeft,FlushRight,Justified,CenteredminLineGapmindistancebetweenlinetopandpreviousbottom(canbenegative)leftIndentalllinesindentthismuchonleftrightIndentalllinesindentthismuchonrightfirstIndentfirstlineindentthismuchmoreonleftrestIndentotherlinesindentthismuchmoreonlefttopIndenttoplineatleastthismuchdownfromtopofviewer/pageCEDAR4.2v$g'w%g'&-g'v)4g'w*g'rG~g'vo_/ \ (\*.14#5Z8 (Z8+c/146`W (W,5- 4E69[<=U@ (U@,5- 4E6=@?AR(R-_03;4 >z@(CoOu L "&(~,.2X77:?C|KRY#&)++E-2 : BDOGI1 ^#&) +-v/47>@TBuFGHE!#W(B 1R359?iBDECO%G |#S%)-0G3@7c;8@BEG/B9Q j %'d),025%:?[ACs?(?-_28<> =B (=B+.36K: (:+.36K8J (8J+/269 5 (5-_28<=3S(3S+.1a6580(0+.1a658.[ (.[+/269 ;+ (+-_28<=)d()d+.38;&(&+.38;$m($m+/269 =o!"  ( . 6K <(& (&+&06^9R<>D~ (*-<14-8:  (*-<14-8:  ( *-148h;> (+.3;59=F?L(+).047+\TVm$1g2TIOGAEDITOR32bottomIndentbottombaselineatleastthisupfrombottomofpagePageLayoutParameterspageWidthwidthofthepaperpageLengthheightofthepaperleftMarginwhitespaceatleftofthepagerightMarginwhitespaceatrightofthepagetopMarginwhitespaceattopofthepagebottomMarginwhitespaceatbottomofthepageheaderMarginheightofareabelowtopMarginforheadersfooterMarginheightofareaabovebottomMarginforfootersbindingMarginnotusedatpresentlineLengthwidthoflinesoftextDimensionsptpointpcpicaininchescmcentimetersmmmillimetersfil10^4pointsfill10^8pointsMiscellaneousstylethenameofthecurrentstyleisCommentpushes.trueor.falseaccordingtocommentpropertyofnodeisPrintpushes.trueifexecutingprintrules,else.falsenestingLevelpushesinteger;0forroot,1fortoplevel,etc.CEDAR4.2v$g'w%g'&-g'v)4g'w*g'rG~g'v_/ (_/,2'369;?CEo[s YV(YV+-0 V (V,K.0cTT (TT /0347(Q (Q /0358OQ(OQ /0347)L (L /05d79|JN (JN,K.05 ;>G (G,K.04 >"@_EK (EK*-/[B (B+-02o?s <(<:p(:p7(75m(5m 2(2 0k(0k+W-(-+Wo* (((*p.0/2I7%(%,015;=C#!g(!g,/147_:>{A2 (,125 8f9;>MAw'>+TVm$TIOGAEDITOR33TiogaUserExecCommandsNote:IfthefollowingcommandsarenotknowntotheUserExecutive,type"RunTiogaExecCommands".ReadTiogaTipTablesCausesTiogatoreaditsTIPtablesagain.Ifyourusercategoryisadvanced,youcanalsoinvokethisoperationbyselectinginanyTiogadocumentandhittingCTRL-!.WritePlainMakeTiogafilesunformattedbyeliminatingeverythingexcepttheplaintext.Insertsleadingtabsbeforeeachnodeaccordingtoitsnestinginthetreeandterminateseachnodewithacarriagereturn.WriteMesaPlainSameasWritePlain,exceptinsertsdoubledashesatstartofcommentnodes.ReadIndentBuildTiogafileswithonenodeperlineofsourcewithindentingbasedonwhitespaceatthestartoflines.TiogaMesaConvertMesafilestoTiogaformatbycombiningaReadIndentwithaCTRL-Movertheentirefile.DoTiogaOpsExpectsacommandlinecontainingoperationsinthesameformatasintheEditTooloperationsfield.Amongotherthings,youcanusethistoinitializevariousEditToolchoicessuchasIgnoreCaseorMatchWords.CEDAR4.2v$g'w%g'&-g'v)4g'w*g'rG~g'x M^ ,wo[ !#'(* 2M47z X@vTt7e T#*'*+-m039W:AXD#FS=*TP"$'9+14=w8S=9nS=v;S=<.S=z O vLqO #$% ,3 27(9x<@[DJ>!#l%5)+~-0}3# 9<@ACKDcI9z E vB> {!&*/035~;z ?) v;!%*'*,Y03:7>1@PD(G:'n~7z 6v3qK#?#+')02U :=Xw>3q?{3qvC3qD3qG 1z .o v+ & ,."0Y389; =DB )m #&)J,;.: 490?FD_G' @ w'>+TVm$ameformatasintheEditTooloperationsfield.Amongotherthings,youcanusethistoinitializevariousEditToolchoicessuchasIgnoreCaseorMatchWords.CEDAR4.2v$+g'w%g'%|g'v(g'w)lg'rG~g'x ^w [ N+!"TIOGAEDITOR34TiogaUserProfileEntriesDefaultfileextensionsThisdetermineswhatextensionsTiogashouldlookforinopeningfiles.TheentryisoftheformSourceFileExtensions:mesatiogadfcmconfigstyleYoumayalsohaveanentryforimplementationextensionstobeusedwiththe"loadimpl"commands.ImplFileExtensions:cedarmesaOpenFirstLevelOnlyIfsettotrue,documentswillbeopenedwithonlytheirfirstlevelshowing.Defaultisfalse.OpenFirstLevelOnly:TRUEDefaultStylesDeterminedbyFileExtensionsThisentryspecifiesthedefaultstyletobeusedwithdocumentsthatdonotexplicitlynameastyle.Thestyleisdeterminedbytheextensioninthefilename.TheentryisoftheformExtensionStyles:...Tospecifyadefaultstyleforfileswithnoextensionintheirname,usethefakeextensionname"null"inthislist.DefaultStyleThisentryspecifiesthedefaultstyletobeusedwithdocumentsthatdonotexplicitlynameastyleanddonothaveanextensiongivenintheExtensionStyleslist.TheentryisoftheformDefaultStyle:CedarDefaultsubmenusThisentryspecifieswhichmenus,ifany,shouldautomaticallybedisplayedwhenyoucreateanewTiogaviewerbyclickingoneofthebuttonsintheupperrightcornerorbygivinganExeccommand.TheentryisoftheformDefaultTiogaMenus:placeslevelsorDefaultTiogaMenus:noneYoumaydeleteorreorderthemenunamestosuityourtastes.ScrollbottomoffsetWhenyouaretypingandthecaretgoestoanewlinejustoffthebottomoftheviewer,Tiogawillautomaticallyscrolltheviewerupalittletomakethecaretvisibleagain.Thisparametercontrolshowfaruptoscroll;abignumbercauseslargerbutlessfrequentglitches.ScrollBottomOffset:3CEDAR4.2v$g'w%g'&-g'v)4g'w*g'rG~g'x M^ vz [ vXV X $(-a0~24p9=@lDEsG/V1T2#m&(*/Q "$ . 5l7 99@.DIF2"K##!;1 T#,11]!#',-0g3z kvB \!$"'*,-1369;@sBOD`  C"&(),.v24Q7;@C EIq1 T!~#) -C1.36D;1 ww'>+TVm$5=;{@|A F%z B _9 v ?[2# $&),368;7 ADF = ` TIOGAEDITOR35ScrolltopoffsetWhenyoudoaFindcommandyoumaywanttoseeafewlinesinfrontofthematchtogiveyoumorecontext.ThisparametertellsTiogahowmanyextralinestowantinsuchsituations.TheentryisoftheformScrollTopOffset:1SelectionCaretThedefaultbehaviourforTiogaistoplacethecaretattheendnearerthecursorwhentheselectionismade.Somepeoplehaverequestedtohavethecaretalwaysplacedatoneendortheother,hencethisprofileentry.Thechoicesarebefore,after,andbalance.TheentryisoftheformSelectionCaret:beforeSelectionDisplacementThisletsyouspecifyaverticaldisplacementformakingselections.Tiogabehavesasifyouhadpointedthisnumberofpointshigherupthescreensothatyoucanpointatthingsfromslightlybelowthem.TheentryisoftheformYSelectFudge:2TIPTableThisentryspecifiestheTIPtablestousewithTiogadocuments.TheentryisoftheformTiogaTIP:MyOwnTip.tipDefaultSeethesectiononTIPtablesformoreinformation.UnsavedDocumentsCacheSizeThiscontrolsthenumberofunsaveddocumentsthesystemwillremember.TheentryisoftheformUnsavedDocumentsCacheSize:4ShowUnsavedDocumentsListIfthisistrue,aviewerwillbecreatedholdinganup-to-datelistoftheunsaveddocumentsthatcanstillbereloaded.TheentryisoftheformShowUnsavedDocumentsList:TRUEUsercategoryAsdescribedabove,thisentryletsyoucontrolyourusercategory.ThealternativesareBeginner,Intermediate,andAdvanced.TheentryisoftheformUserCategory:IntermediateCEDAR4.2v$g'w%g'&-g'v)4g'w*g'rG~g'z _,#v[3%"'+.0K236:;?YA+CGZ4{|%(,w/c36n9;&>j@C Xz1Vz RvOnd!-%&(E+.L13V58<?8CpG/Mg!%+R,0625:>>@!BEtG/L$\!$),"047N=Q@=CEcG/Jx1Gz D vAZ|;# ,@.3x :>wCEnF?9 $b(+-1369 I!!# $'91; z 8=v4~W"&'*(-C1# 8;?\@BD12p "+/fbi*#%T( z ,0av)Q, "'.1<58n?BFdG'n1%-%4z !l v] m"$$ (. 0 69 :=:Bh z!S$&R( *k1g$z v} $'n*^/I25<? G;B l&)-+.0P21 S w'>+6TVm$yRz !#')d,.A03@7x9=AC Q i& "C$'Z)-9167:=I?AE On mEb$ '*T003689<  LKz I v FJ[` R (+0 7`;^@BDF D!"#<%)+.1G379"=B@E BQ))A @} z =* v 9[4TIOGAEDITOR36CommandSummaryThisisashortsummaryoftheTiogacommandsavailableusingthekeyboardandmouse.OthercommandsareavailablethroughtheEditTool,theEditHistoryTool,andvariousUserExecoperations.Theextrakeysonthekeyboardareusedforcommoneditingactions.RecallthatthebottomrightblankkeycanbeusedasanotherCTRLkey,andyoucanuseeitherCTRLkeyandeitherSHIFTkeyinterchangeably.ESCRepeatlastactionSHIFT-ESCUndolastactionESC-selectAutomaticrepeatoflastactionwhenfinishselectionDELDeleteLFLoadfilein"NoName"viewerCTRL-LFLoadImplfilein"NoName"viewerBSBackspacecharacterSHIFT-BSDeletenextcharacterCTRL-BSBackspacewordCTRL-SHIFT-BSDeletenextwordNEXTFindnextplaceholder(middleblankkey)SHIFT-NEXTFindpreviousplaceholderRETURNInsertcarriagereturnwithleadingspacescopiedfrompreviouslineSHIFT-RETURNInsertcarriagereturnCTRL-RETURNBreaknodeMousebuttonclicksareusedformakingselections.CLICKSLEFTMIDDLERIGHTSINGLESelectletterSelectwordExtendselectionatcurrentlevelDOUBLESelectnodeSelectbranchReduceselectionlevelandextendTRIPLEIncreaseselectionlevelandextendSelectionsareusedfordelete,copy,andmove.CTRL-selectDeletewhenfinishselectionSHIFT-selectCopytoprimaryCTRL-SHIFT-selectMovetoprimaryLOOKcommandsareusedforeditinglooks.(TheLOOKshiftisthetopblankkey.)LOOK-charAddlooktoselectionLOOK-SHIFT-charRemovefromselectionLOOK-spaceRemoveallfromselectionExceptforCTRL-A,CTRL-H,andCTRL-W,thefollowingcommandsarenotenabledforbeginningusers.WeprovidebothCTRL-AandCTRL-Hasaconveniencetouserswithstronghabitsfromprevioussystems.A"*"indicatesacommandenabledforadvancedusersonly.CTRL-ABackspacecharacterCTRL-SHIFT-ADeletenextcharacterCTRL-BInsertmatchingplaceholderbracketsCTRL-CLowercaseCTRL-SHIFT-CUppercaseCTRL-CLICK-CInitialcapsCTRL-SHIFT-CLICK-CFirstcapCEDAR4.2v$g'w%g'&-g'v)4g'w*g'rG~g'x M^ vo[p6!%,2258=@E Yjg!$'+.J16:=BF2 XX oUH;#D%(+05_;]?BfD T5G~w$~T5%IT5v'T5(T5*-}0(25w8T59T5vAwEyT5FT5v RCwPvP"B$wNkvpNkwNkvNk!{#wLvLLL$I(w*0,04~8SwKvKwIuvIu!##%:(M-wGvGwGvG!#$&(+0uwF&vF&$'wDvpDwDvD!%wBvBwBvB$'wA0vA0wA0vA0wtA0vA0!%w?v? # +e04\w=vp=w=v= &{ w<:v<:!{&*-26;n>Ddw: v:!{&w8 v8!o6pg'z!#( w33'3432Nv2N'2N+42N9?3@Ew0v0'0+409?FBtEw.v4.;qBTF-Xo* /k"%(ow(av(a(a(a!%)w&vp&&&!D"w%v%w%v%t%%!z#)wo"v2""k!&*w.L"/"v2"2"5)68;j??w vg    #%qwuvguwuvBuuu"&dwvg"$(ToRwRRv"RwR vRwRv R Rw"R#Rv%Rw&FRv'`R(%R*n0i779t;@C  ZCwsvw 3v!"7w$r%=v'w'v)n*+F, 46h:=SAE =w2v!g"(.0[6o9wvwv$'wvwvwtv!%w:v:w:v:!{'y .wvwv!w v w v wt v !w Dv Dw Dv8 Dw Dv D!w v w v wt v w v  w'>+TVm$* v N* * m* !w (avTIOGAEDITOR37CTRL-DSelectdocumentCTRL-EExpandabbreviationCTRL-F-selectCopyformattoprimary*CTRL-HBackspacecharacterCTRL-SHIFT-HDeletenextcharacterCTRL-IIndent(doesBreakandNest)*CTRL-SHIFT-IUnindent(doesBreakandUnNest)*CTRL-JJoinnodes*CTRL-KMakecontrolcharacterCTRL-SHIFT-KUnmakecontrolcharacterCTRL-MAutomaticMESAformattingCTRL-NNest*CTRL-SHIFT-NUnNest*CTRL-OMakeoctalcharacterCTRL-SHIFT-OUnmakeoctalcharacterCTRL-PPasteCTRL-Q-selectCopylookstoprimaryCTRL-S-selectCopyprimarytoselecteddestinationCTRL-TTimeCTRL-VSelectvisible(expandtoselectiontoblanks)CTRL-WBackspacewordCTRL-SHIFT-WDeletenextwordCTRL-X-selectSelectfortransposewithprimaryCTRL-Z-selectMoveprimarytoselecteddestinationCTRL-]Selectmatching[..]'s(samefor},),and>)CTRL-[Addmatching[..]'s(samefor",',-,{,(,and<)CTRL-!HaveTiogareaditsTIPtablesagain*CTRL-_Setformattowordbeforecaret*CTRL-SHIFT-_Insertformatname*CTRL-\SetcommentpropertyTRUE*CTRL-SHIFT-\SetcommentpropertyFALSE*CEDAR4.2v$g'w%g'&-g'v)4g'w*g'rG~g'w_/v_/w_/v_/!w]v]w]v]" w[v[w[vR[[[!D%'mw,[Z9vZ9wZ9vZ9$'wXvXwXvXwtXvX!%wVvVwVvV"%),Ww0VUCvUCwUCvUCwtUCvUC#'n+d.w3UCSvSwSvS w$SQvQwQvQ!o&"wPMvPMwPMvPMwtPMvPM#)'wNvNwNvNw$IN%ZNv'N(iNwLvLwLvLw LKWvKWwKWvKWwtKWvKWw"KWIvIwIvI!o$wHvHwHvHwtHvH#)&{wFavFawFavFawDvDwDvuDDD!D$&wCvCwCv8CCC!D&z()-U wAkvAkwAkvAkw?v?w?v?!%+.,240w>v>w>v>$'w+TVm$l Xv Xw vXvXwQXvmX#L'B)w/X Vv Vw vVvmVqw hV UCv UCw vUCvmUCM"w Sv Sw vSvSwQSvmS#w Qv Qw vQvmQw &Q!8Qv#Q$GQw PMv PMw vPMvmPMwPM Nv Nw vNvNwQNvmNwN Lv LAUREL TIMESROMAN TIMESROMAN TIMESROMANY TIMESROMAN TIMESROMAN HELVETICALOGO HELVETICA HELVETICA HELVETICA HELVETICAv?wQ?vm? w >v >w v>vJ>>m>p%(w NGL TW `ckp z m ; l >O |M  40v 40w v40v40wQ40vm40Y!w%40 2v 2w v2vm2!w'p2()2+ 0v 0w v0v0wQ0vm0!w'p0()0+x&+ j/ &  TiogaDoc.Tioga 7-Jun-83 14:37:32