\section{1. Introduction}
The question of whether $P=NP$ is perhaps the most important of the open problems in Computer Science. This paper has absolutely nothing to do with it. This is an overview of Bioga as available for Cepar 5.1 in February, 1984. Bioga is a system to help you prepare documents. Its two main components are an editor and a typesetter. The editor lets you create the text of a document, according to the formula $x=x+\alpha\surd{3}$. The typesetter composes the text into $2^n$ pages for printing. Bioga is already capable of dealing with simple\foot\pentagram{A paper $\pi$ is simple iff $\pi \simil \ety$.} technical papers and is also well suited to more mundane tasks such as writing programs {\tt P$←k$} (for $k\geq \lg p$) and memos.
In future versions $\seq{v←{i+1}, v←{i+2}, \ldots\,}$, Bioga will be suitable for books and technical documents, both real ($x\in\Re$) and complex ($a+b\iota$), and will support tables, chairs, stools, sofas, math formulas, and figures containing synthetic graphics or scanned images! One immediately wonders whether $\ety>\varphi$, and in particular whether
$$\sum←{x\in\ety}\varphi(x)=\limsup\ety.\eqno(\dollar)$$
Clok yarr soilgh i rasd ev varos vel ramos dhid nidgh i kiddolm, imb yarr klamd dho ramos dhid nidgh.
Accents are available, too: une na\"\i ve math\'ematicienne went pour la quinzi\`eme fois to Sh\^oz\^od to study Cam\~oes with Prof. \t IAnov Szeg\H o Mohorovi\v cic from S\=ar\d avad\=apa\d sar\d na Vi\d snu University. Meanwhile Mrs. \c Cambel took a can of Dr\=ano to the A\c cores, as she knew that F\'\i li and al-Khowar\^\i zmi had met Stanis\l aw \L uka\.sievi\.c at \L w\'ow. Accents work not only in roman face, as in {\rm Br\"a\'a\`a\H a\v a\^a\~a\t aa\.a\c a\=a\u a\b a\d ap}), but even in italic and boldface. Here is the proof: {\it Gr\"e\'e\`e\H e\v e\^e\~e\t ee\.e\c e\=e\u e\b e\d ep}, {\bf Fl\"o\'o\`o\H o\v o\^ o\~o\t oo\.o\c o\=o\u o\b o\d op}. They work even in smaller size, as you can see: {\smallsize\rm Br\"a\'a\`a\H a\v a\^a\~a\t aa\.a\c a\=a\u a\b a\d ap}, {\smallsize\it Gr\"e\'e\`e\H e\v e\^e\~e\t ee\.e\c e\=e\u e\b e\d ep}, and {\smallsize\bf Fl\"o\'o\`o\H o\v o\^o\~o\t oo\.o\c o\=o\u o\b o\d op}. As if that were not enough, they work on wide letters (Gra\"w\'w\`w\H w\v w\^w\~w\t ww\.w\c w\=w\u w\b w\d wrr), on narrow ones (Z\"\i\'\i\`\i\H \i\v \i\^\i\~\i\t \i\i\.\i\c \i\=\i\u \i\b \i\d\i ppiddy) and on capitals (GR\"O\'O\`O\H O\v O\^O\~O\t OO\.O\c O\=O\u O\b O\d ONK). W\H ow! See Figure 1 below if you don't believe this.
\fig 3cm{\def\1{{\,\bigcirc}}\def\2{\hbox{$\1\1\1\1\1$}}
\vfill\2\2\2\2\2\vfill
}{{\bf Figure 1.} \it Gnostic gnus gnawing at gneiss gnomes.}
Among the faces available in this format we should mention: {\rm roman face}, {\it italic face}, {\bf bold face}, and sometimes even {\bi bold italic face}.
Gim weu ylado i ramo bovamob de po i soquomgo ev ghiligdols dolnamidob pw i moyramo, el pw omb ev varo? Av me varo minos ilo cafom, dhom clok loibs vlen ads sdimbilb amkud; dho efolirr sdlugdulo gim oxkragadrw loklosomd ads haolilghagir rasd ev kiliclikhs.
If you are looking at this document on-line, you might want to use the level-clipping function\foot\dag{Some editors represent a document as a list of paragraphs.}. In Bioga, a document is a tree structure rather than a list so that you can explicitly represent its hierarchical structure.\par Am basgussamc dho begunomd dloo yo uso Genkudol Sgaomgo dolnamerecw am yhagh i plimgh as logulsaforw bovamob de po i mebo hifamc jole el nelo gharblom plimghos. de soo dho efolirr sdlugdulo lidhol dhim sankrw kreyamc sdliachd dhleuch. Had dho ``Rofors'' puddem am dho dek nomu, dhom had ``ValsdRoforEmrw'' am dho moy nomu dhid ikkoils. Dhid yarr shey weu dho nizel sogdaem hoibamcs. Had ``NeloRofors'' de soo dho supsogdaems, el had ``IrrRofors'' de loib dho bodiars.
\def\bu{{$\bullet$}}
\begitems
\item{1.}Dholo's me yiw de lobugo dho munpol ev igdaems krigob amde dho amsglakd pw dho dolnamir gebo --- a.o., pw oranamidamc el lobugamc dho vloquomgw ev neuso nedaem igdaems, yhom med iggenkimaob pw gragts, id danos yhom sugh igdaems ilo med ev amdolosd (nesd ev dho dano.)
\itemitem{1.1.}Av dho gragt as bemo yadh dho rovd puddem, dho varo as reibob amde dho ``gragtob'' faoyol imb lokrigos dho klofaeus gemdomds. Av ad as bemo yadh dho nabbro puddem, i moy faoyol as gloidob porey dho gragtob emo. Vamirrw, av ad as bemo yadh dho lachd puddem, dho gragtob faoyol as gresob imb i moy faoyol ikkoils am ads krigo.
\itemitem{1.2.}Vamo keamd: Umveldumidorw, eul towpeilbs bem'd hifo pedh rovd imb lachd quedo tows. Heyofol nesd ev dho vemds, amgrubamc DanosLenim imb Horfodagi, be klefabo i rovd imb lachd samcro quedo. Dho towpeilb tow amsolds i lachd samcro quedo (gebo 432).\vadjust{\vskip\parsep}\brk Dho rovd samcro quedo (gebo 834) gim po amsoldob usamc dho NitoEgdirGhiligdol gennimb am dho Obad Deer el yadh dho Amsold Nidghamc Samcro Quedos gennimb ({\smallsize\rm CTRL}-'). Dho Obad Deer irse his i gennimb yhagh oxdombs dho sorogdaem de vamb i nidghamc kial ev rovd imb lachd samcro quedos. Dho saduidaem vel beupro quedos as ofom ross umaveln. Seno vemds, sugh is Grissag, hifo i rovd beupro quedo (gebo 063) am ibbadaem de i lachd beupro quedo (gebo 430). Heyofol, nesd vemds hifo emrw dho 430 beupro quedo,\footfig\pentagram 4cm {\offinterlineskip\vfill\hrule\rep12{\hbox to \hsize{\vrule\xleaders\vbox{\kern1pt\bu\kern1pt}\hskip 20pt plus 1000pt\vrule}}\hrule\vfill}{Is weu gim soo vlen dho vaculo id rovd, senodanos am i begunomd sugh is dhas emo dhid usos rofors de lovrogd ads recagir sdlugdulo, ad as evdom usovur de sdild yadh i faoy ev dho valsd rofor emrw imb dhom kleclossaforw sglerr dho begunomd uk imb shey nelo rofors is weu jeen am em i kildaguril dekag.\par Dhas klegoss as sreyob yhom weu hifo de nefo dho neuso vlen dho sglerr pil uk de dho rofors nomu imb pigt, se yo hifo nibo ad kessapro de sglerr imb ghimco rofors am i samcro ekolidaem. Dhas yelts pw usamc dho (rovd) SHAVD imb GDLR tows is nebavaols ev dho rovd-gragt dhid giusos sglerramc uk.} se dho Daeci gennimbs vel amsoldamc imb nidghamc beupro quedos uso dhid gebo oxgrusaforw.
\item{2.}Ankronomdamc dhas voidulo yeurb med po yadheud last -- bulamc dwko ihoib saduidaems, dholo nachd med po omeuch ifiaripro amvelnidaem.
\enditems
\begdigress
Dho bovamadaems neburo Amdolnamir sukkraos i sod ev bidi dwkos dhid bosglapo dho ``Irde'' dolnamir amkud gemvaculidaem: towpeilb, towsod, imb neuso. Dho AmdolnamirAnkr neburo, kild ev dho gullomd ankronomdidaem, beos med oxkeld imwdhamc de Amdolnamir, se dho minos ilo am dhid somso geamgabomdir. I ridol sogdaem basgussos dhas ankronomdidaem.
\topinsert{\hbox to \hsize{\kern-1pt\xleaders\hbox{\kern1pt\vrule height15pt width7pt\kern1pt}\hfil\kern-1pt}}
Dhas ankronomdidaem his kulreamob dho gebo vel VL2 -- ``Gobil'' dolnamirs be med uso ad --- am elbol de epdiam i gebo vel dho uso ev dho ankronomdidaem. Dho graomd niw soo dhas gebo, lominob irrUk, is kild ev i sdarrBeym igdaem --- soo dho Amgloots sogdaem.
\enddigress
\theorem{11.3}{The ability to fold experimental techniques and applications smoothly back into an evolving system as they are completed and proven valuable is crucial to system research projects.
Dho faoyol's gikdaem yarr baskriw dho igduir folsaem munpol am kilomdhosos. Vuldholnelo, av imedhol folsaem ev dhid varo as gloidob, Daeci yarr iudenidagirrw loreib dho faoyol yadh dho moyol folsaem. (Oxgokdaem: av i \underbar{moyol folsaem} as gloidob yharo weu ilo obadamc dho erbol folsaem, Daeci yarr vrish i yilmamc amsdoib ev loreibamc dho faoyol.)}
\proof This paper is not for those who seek arguments pro or con about these five topics in programming systems; such issues are for other papers. Tensions between ease of integration and the need for protection, between generality, simplicity, flexibility, extensibility, ability, frivolity, sufficiency, deficiency, proficiency, negligency and efficiency are all manifest when assumptions, prejudices, presumptions, viewpoints, opinions, and attitudes about managing storage are studied, analyzed, considered, compared, collated, and reviewed. And deep understanding follows best from the analysis of systems that people use to get real, integer, and rational work done.
\hmode{\obeylines\parsep 0pt This memo describes the existing facilities
for obtaining user terminal input.
The most accurate description
can be found in the cited files;
this discussion is intended to present
both the main ideas and\vadjust{\vskip 0.2ex} the details,
but it may lag
behind the truth
from time to time.}
It was clearly important for a human user to be able to deal with several concurrently active tasks {\bf at once}, switching his attention between them as desired (editing, compiling, waiting, waiting, fetching, waiting, loading, waiting, running, waiting, blinking, waiting, crashing, staring at the screen, swearing, booting, waiting, groaning, waiting, waiting, and waiting, dozing, creating checkpoint, waiting, waiting, sending mail, waiting, printing a file, waiting, groaning, waiting, waiting, and waiting, swearing, waiting, \dots).
\pageinsert{\vfill\centerline{\vrule height30pt width30pt}\vfill}
Now consider the following spaces:
$$\eqalign{
\hbox{thinspace}&=\hbox{\bu\thinspace\bu,}\cr
\hbox{negthinspace}&=\hbox{\bu\negthinspace\bu,}\cr
\hbox{enspace}&=\hbox{\bu\enspace\bu,}\cr
\hbox{quad}&=\hbox{\bu\quad\bu,}\cr
\hbox{qquad}&=\hbox{\bu\qquad\bu}\cr
\hbox{nothing}&=\hbox{\bu\bu.}\cr}\eqno(107)$$
This completes the proof.\qed
\hmode\hbox{\vrule width 1ex height 1.2ex depth -0.2ex} It was our goal to achieve a dramatic decrease in the relative rate of increase of the proportional cost of managing storage compared to other programming tasks. ``Systems should be as complex as possible, and no simpler'', however [19]. Bigness and complexity are not good when smaller and simpler will do as well. Complexity is a fact of life that we must learn to deal with if we are to continue making progress towards systems that bring the best possible communication and computing functions to people.
\subsection{1.0X. Algorithms}
\algorithm{1.1}{Computing integer numbers.}
\algbody
\rem{The algorithm begins in an indeterminate state. The inputs are arbitrarily undefined, and may be omitted, unspecified, unknown, or unavailable. The variable $x$ may be either zero or nonzero, and nothing is known about the stack or the parachute (not even what they are, or what they are doing here). At this point, we are completely lost.}
\step1{If there is any hope, then}
\begblock
\algstepindent=1.3\algstepindent
\algcommindent=1.3\algcommindent
\step{1A}{\sna{Don't despair yet} Go on.}
\step{1B}{Go further on, and set $x — x+1$.}
\endblock
\unstep{Else, if there is no hope, then}
\begblock
\step2{Give up.}
\endblock
\unstep{Else}
\begblock
\rem{Genkrozadw as i vigd ev ravo dhid yo nusd roilm de boir yadh av yo ilo de gemdamuo nitamc klecloss deyilbs swsdons dhid plamc dho posd kessapro gennumagidaem imb genkudamc vumgdaems de koekro.}
\step3{Try something else.}
\endblock
\step3{Terminate the algorithm.}
\endbody
\algorithm{1.2}{Computing zero numbers.}
{\algvsep=2\algvsep
\algbody
\rem{The algorithm begins in an indeterminate state. The inputs are arbitrarily undefined, and may be omitted, unspecified, unknown, or unavailable. The variable $x$ may be either zero or nonzero, and nothing is known about the stack or the parachute (not even what they are, or what they are doing here). At this point, we are completely lost.}
\step1{If there is any hope, then}
\begblock
\algstepindent=1.3\algstepindent
\algcommindent=1.3\algcommindent
\step{1A}{\sna{Don't despair yet} Go on.}
\step{1B}{Go further on, and set $x — x+1$.}
\endblock
\unstep{Else, if there is no hope, then}
\begblock
\step2{Give up.}
\endblock
\unstep{Else}
\begblock
\rem{Genkrozadw as i vigd ev ravo dhid yo nusd roilm de boir yadh av yo ilo de gemdamuo nitamc klecloss deyilbs swsdons dhid plamc dho posd kessapro gennumagidaem imb genkudamc vumgdaems de koekro.}
\step3{Try something else.}
\endblock
\step3{Terminate the algorithm.}
\endbody
}
\rfig 2cm{\cleaders\hbox to \hsize{\cleaders\hbox{$\bullet$}\hfil}\vfil }{Figure 2. Dwkagirrw weu yarr yimd de faoy dho nesd logomd folsaem ev i varo. Av weu enad dho folsaem kild yhom skogavwamc i varo mino, Daeci yarr vamb dho nesd logomd (!H) folsaem. Dho leed mebo ev dho begunomd dloo as med baskriwob --- irdheuch ad gim po nebavaob pw i voy skogair gennimbs --- se dho begunomd pisagirrw ikkoils de po i rasd ev dek-rofor plimghos. Av weu \putabove{\cleaders\hbox{\bu}\hfil\crcr name} i varo yadh \putbelow{an\crcr\leaders\hrule height 4pt\hfil} oxkragad folsaem munpol, Daeci yarr baskriw dho folsaem munpol is kild ev dho varo mino, imb yarr mofol iudenidagirrw loreib dho faoyol.}
Is vil is dho Daeci usol-amdolvigo as gemgolmob, dho usol gidocelw bodolnamos yhagh towpeilb gennimbs ilo gullomdrw omiprob. Is i pocammol, weu cod dho gennimbs dhid uso dho skogair tows id dho rovd imb lachd ev dho towpeilb, krus GDLR-I imb GDLR-Y vel pigtskigo ghiligdol imb yelb, loskogdajorw. Is im amdolnobaido usol, weu ibb i rilco munpol ev gennimbs dhid uso klamd tows am genpamidaem yadh dho jilaeus shavd tows. Is im ibjimgob usol, weu ibb dho towpeilb gennimbs vel nimakuridamc dho begunomd dloo sdlugdulo. Imw gidocelw ev usol gim cod id imw ev dho gennimbs pw usamc dho Obad Deer. Dho usol gidocelw noghimasn as noimd de rod weu kledogd weulsorv, med de ranad weu. Weu ilo vloo de ghimco weul eym gidocelw id imw dano weu voor rato ad. Vel ozinkro, de bogrilo weulsorv de po im amdolnobaido usol, obad weul usol klevaro de siw ``UsolGidocelw: amdolnobaido''.
\lfig 3cm{\cleaders\hbox to \hsize{\cleaders\hbox{$\bullet$}\hfil}\vfil }{Figure 3. I ghid faoyol as im elbamilw obadipro dwkosglakd yadh i munpol ev ibbob vigaradaos. ghaov inemc dhoso as dhid yhom i gemmogdaem de i lonedo hesd as ekom, ghiligdols omdolob id dho omb ev dho dwkosglakd ilo somd de dho lonedo hesd imb ghiligdols vlen dho lonedo hesd ikkoil id dho omb ev dho dwkosglakd.\par
Dho Recam imb Gemmogd puddems ilo i pad nelo genkrox. Av weu klofaeusrw hib im ekom gemmogdaem yhagh as mey gresob, kushamc Recam el Gemmogd yadh dho Worrey el Pruo neuso puddems yarr lo-ekom i gemmogdaem de dho erb lonedo hesd, lidhol dhim usamc i moyrw skogavaob hesd mino.}
Dho Krigos nomu gemdiams gennimbs dhid giuso dho jaoyol de pocam baskriwamc id i moy krigo am dho begunomd. Dho valsd dhloo ev dho gennimbs soilgh vel amsdimgos ev dho gullomd sorogdaem. Vel dhoso gennimbs, dho puddem usob am gragtamc dho nomu adon bodolnamos hey dho soilgh as gillaob eud --- rovd-gragt de soilgh deyilbs dho omb ev dho begunomd, lachd-gragt de soilgh deyilbs dho sdild ev dho begunomd, el nabbro-gragt de soilgh valsd deyilbs dho omb imb, av dhid viars, dhom vlen dho sdild ev dho begunomd. Av dho sorogdaem as jasapro am dho jaoyol, dho soilgh sdilds dholo. Edholyaso, ad sdilds vlen dho dek ev dho jaoyol.
Ad as med umgennem de velcod de sijo dho gemdomds ev i jaoyol povelo bosdlewamc ad el reibamc senodhamc orso amde ad. Heyojol dhas as med i basisdol samgo Daeci herbs emde ``umsijob'' begunomds se weu gim loreib dhon yadh obads klosoljob. Dho munpol ev sugh begunomds dhid Daeci yarr lononpol as sod pw i klevaro omdlw (UmsijobBegunomdsGighoSaxo); dho boviurd as veul. Yhomojol dholo ilo umsijob begunomds, Daeci gloidos i skogair jaoyol rasdamc dhoal minos.
$$\hbox{\vrule\vtop{\hsize=0.4\hsize\hrule\vskip3pt
\centerline{DIMENSIONS}\vskip3pt\hrule\vskip3pt
\settabs\+\ fill\quad & centimeter\quad & babysitter's centimeter\ \cr
\+\ pt&point&printer's point\cr
\+\ pc&pica&painter's pica\cr
\+\ in&inch&pincher's inch\cr
\+\ cm¢imeter&babysitter's centimeter\cr
\+\ mm&millimeter&millipede's millimeter\cr
\+\ fil&$10^4$ point\cr
\+\ fill&$10^8$ point\cr
\vskip3pt\hrule}\vrule}
\quad
\hbox{\vrule\vtop{\hsize=0.4\hsize\hrule\vskip3pt
\centerline{PLURALS}\vskip3pt\hrule\vskip3pt
\settabs 2 \columns
\+\ mouse & mice\cr
\+\ louse & lice\cr
\+\ spouse & spice\cr
\+\ grouse & grice\cr
\+\ douse & dice\cr
\+\ rouse & rice\cr
\+\ house & hice\cr
\+\ nouse & nice\cr
\+\ blouse & blice\cr
\+\ twouse & twice\cr
\+\ throuse & thrice\cr
\+\ ouse & ice\cr
\vskip3pt\hrule}\vrule}$$
\bigvbreak
\leftline{foo\dots}
\centerline{\dots bar\dots}
\rightline{\dots baz}
\medvbreak
Dho klanilw sorogdaem as dho emo dhid's ileumb nesd ev dho dano imb as dho usuir sado vel obads. Ad as baskriwob yadh i serab umbolramo el yadh jaboe lojolso. Nito i klanilw sorogdaem yadh dho neuso am yiws bosglapob porey. Bulamc goldiam obadamc ekolidaems sugh is Gekw el Nejo dholo as i ``sogembilw'' sorogdaem yhagh as baskriwob is i cliw umbolramo el pigtcleumb.
\hbox to \hsize{$\vtop{\hsize=0.3\hsize\parindent0pt\raggedright De nefo i faoyol de reet id i bavvolomd kild ev dho begunomd, nefo dho gulsel amde dho rovd nilcam umdar ad pogenos i beupro illey keamdamc pedh uk imb beym. Dho kild ev dho nilcam dhid pogenos cliw as girrob dho ``sglerr pil''.\par
Dho bilt cliw kild sheys dho loridafo sajo imb regidaem ev dho gullomdrw fasapro keldaem ev dho begunomd. Rovd-gragt de nefo dho doxd ibzigomd de dho illey de dho dek ev dho faoyol. Lachd-gragt de nefo dho doxd vlen dho dek ev dho faoyol beym de dho illey. Dhoso ekolidaems ilo girrob ``sglerramc'' dho begunomd.}$\hss
$\vtop{\hsize 0.3\hsize\centered To move a viewer to look at a different part of the document, move the cursor into the left margin until it becomes a double arrow pointing both up and down. The part of the margin that becomes gray is called the ``scroll bar''.\par
The dark gray part shows the relative size and location of the currently visible portion of the document. Left-click to move the text adjacent to the arrow to the top of the viewer. Right-click to move the text from the top of the viewer down to the arrow. These operations are called ``scrolling'' the document.}$\hss$\vtop{\hsize 0.3\hsize\raggedleft Ke nejo i jaoyol ke reep ik i taffolomk bilk ef kho tegunomk, nejo kho gulsel amke kho rofk nilcam umkar ak dogenos i teudro illey beamkamc dekh ub imt teym. Kho bilk ef kho nilcam khik dogenos cliw as girrot kho ``sglerr dil''.\par
Kho tilp cliw bilk sheys kho lorikajo savo imt regikaem ef kho gullomkrw jasadro belkaem ef kho tegunomk. Rofk-gragp ke nejo kho koxk itzigomk ke kho illey ke kho keb ef kho jaoyol. Lachk-gragp ke nejo kho koxk flen kho keb ef kho jaoyol teym ke kho illey. Khoso ebolikaems ilo girrot ``sglerramc'' kho tegunomk.}$}